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. 2018 Mar 2;235(4):1283–1294. doi: 10.1007/s00213-018-4844-5

Table 1.

Mean (SE) of laboratory tests, overall effects of treatment, and paired sample t tests

Mean (SE) Overall effect Paired t tests
Test Time of testing OXA10 (n = 21) OXA30 (n = 22) DIA10 (n = 21) PBO (n = 22) F P OXA10-PBO OXA30-PBO DIA 10-PBO
Highway driving test
 SDLP (cm) + 4 h 18.47 (0.90) 24.15 (1.36) 19.47 (0.89) 16.58 (0.65) 19.67 < 0.001 < 0.01 < 0.001 < 0.001
Psychomotor vigilance test
Inverse reaction time + 2 h
+ 6 h		 4.07 (0.09)
4.13 (0.09)		 3.35 (0.14)
3.85 (0.13)		 3.86 (0.10)
4.13 (0.10)		 4.14 (0.09)
4.13 (0.11)		 13.40
NS		 < 0.001 – < 0.001 < .001
 Lapses (#)* + 2 h
+ 6 h		 0.90 (1.38)
1.19 (0.72)		 11.86 (3.15)
4.77 (1.79)		 2.29 (0.74)
0.90 (0.31)		 0.64 (0.16)
0.77 (0.29)		 χ 2 = 38.87
χ 2 = 10.29		 < 0.001
< 0.05		 – < 0.001
< 0.01		 < 0.05-
 Mean reaction time (ms) + 2 h
+ 6 h		 258 (7)
254 (6)		 454 (68)
311 (34)		 277 (9)
255 (7)		 251 (5)
255 (7)		 4.61
NS		 < 0.05 – < 0.01 < 0.01
Critical tracking test
 Critical lambda (rad/s) + 2 h
+ 6 h		 3.08 (0.12)
3.01 (0.14)		 2.49 (0.13)
3.00 (0.13)		 3.00 (0.09)
3.26 (0.11)		 3.34 (0.10)
3.23 (0.11)		 13.17
NS		 < 0.001 < 0.05
-		 < 0.001
-		 < 0.01
-
Divided attention testa
 Primary task: z-AE + z-lg10(CL) + 2 h
+ 6 h		 − 0.09 (0.46)
− 0.53 (0.38)		 1.97 (0.53)
0.32 (0.45)		 0.82 (0.36)
− 0.18 (0.39)		 − 0.69 (0.36)
− 0.63 (0.38)		 11.15a
NSa 		< 0.01 – < 0.001 < 0.01
 Secondary task: reaction time
(ms)		 + 2 h
+ 6 h		 1966 (91)
1892 (81)		 2323 (91)
2105 (70)		 2152 (61)
1975 (80)		 1883 (65)
1859 (74)		 16.33a
NSa 		0.001 – < 0.001 < 0.001
Attention network test
 Mean total reaction time (ms) + 2 h
+ 6 h		 584 (21)
558 (21)		 730 (28)
626 (26)		 630 (26)
594 (24)		 547 (18)
560 (22)		 26.48
6.67		 < 0.001
< 0.01		 0.001
-		 < .001
< 0.001		 < 0.001
< 0.05
 Conflict effect (ms) + 2 h
+ 6 h		 124 (10)
120 (10)		 148 (13)
128 (8)		 125 (7)
127 (9)		 105 (6)
116 (7)		 5.57b
NS		 < 0.01 < 0.05 < 0.01 < 0.05
 Orienting effect (ms) + 2 h
+ 6 h		 49 (5)
54 (5)		 68 (12)
63 (6)		 63 (5)
51 (6)		 47 (5)
51 (5)		 9.82b
NS		 0.001 < 0.01
 Alerting effect (ms) + 2 h
+ 6 h		 53 (7)
48 (6)		 71 (8)
64 (8)		 58 (9)
61 (7)		 63 (6)
52 (6)		 NS
NS
Digit symbol substitution test
 Correct responses (#) + 2 h
+ 6 h		 92.05 (2.97)
99.33 (2.64)		 73.41 (3.05)
89.95 (2.26)		 88.95 (2.83)
96.48 (2.89)		 97.59 (2.23)
98.09 (2.89		 22.71
6.80		 < 0.001
< 0.01		 < 0.01
-		 < 0.001
0.001		 < 0.001
-
Useful field of view c
 Total detection time (ms) + 2 h
+ 6 h		 89 (7)
86 (6)		 161 (23)
95 (6)		 105 (10)
92 (9)		 107 (14)
85 (7)		 4.51c
NSc 		0.02 – 0.02 –
Postural balance test
 Eyes open–ln area 95 (cm2) + 2 h
+ 6 h		 0.69 (0.09)
0.38 (0.09)		 1.48 (0.18)
0.87 (0.14)		 0.79 (0.15)
0.90 (0.10)		 0.26 (0.09)
0.51 (0.10)		 10.10
5.88		 < 0.001
< 0.01		 < 0.01
-		 < 0.001
< 0.05		 0.01
0.001
 Eyes closed–ln area 95 (cm2) + 2 h
+ 6 h		 1.01 (0.14)
0.68 (0.10)		 1.58 (0.19)
1.25 (0.15)		 1.02 (0.17)
0.80 (0.13)		 0.70 (0.10)
0.71 (0.09)		 6.56b
6.76		 < 0.01
< 0.01		 -
-		 < 0.001
< 0.001		 –
Determination test
 Median reaction time (ms) + 2 h
+ 6 h		 740 (20)
706 (16)		 810 (23)
739 (17)		 767 (19)
707 (17)		 714 (15)
689 (15)		 8.14
NS		 0.001 < 0.05 < 0.001 < 0.05
-
 Correct responses (#) + 2 h
+ 6 h		 262 (9)
279 (7)		 230 (11)
254 (10)		 256 (8)
281 (7)		 273 (8)
279 (9)		 5.12
NS		 0.01 -
-		 0.001 -
-

SE standard error, OXA10 oxazepam 10 mg, OXA30 oxazepam 30 mg, DIA10 diazepam 10 mg, PBO placebo, SDLP standard deviation of lateral position, z-AE z-score of average tracking error, z-log(CL) z-score of log transformed number of control losses, ln natural log

“*”because assumptions for general linear model were violated, a non-parametric Friedman test was conducted with Wilcoxon signed-rank tests to examine drug-placebo contrasts

an = 10

bn = 19

cn = 14