Table 1.

List of case-control studies of blood-based protein biomarkers of AD conducted by our group

Reference	Cohorts	Markers	Methods	Results
Hye et al., [15]	Discovery: ART cohort: 50 AD, 50 CTL	9 proteins increase and 4 decrease in AD	2DGE LC-MS/MS	Sensitivity = 56%, specificity = 80%
	Replication: ART, MND and Institute of Neurology Huntington’s disease study cohorts: 111 AD and 400 non-AD controls	CFH and α2M	Western blot	Sensitivity = 62%, specificity = 60%
Guntert et al., [30]	Discovery: ART cohort: 30 AD and 15 CTL	gelsolin and C1 inhibitor protein	TMT/MS	/
	Replication: ART cohort: 60 AD and 35 CTL	gelsolin	Western blot	Sensitivity = 39%, specificity = 80%, AUC = 0.63
Sattlecker et al., [33]	DCR and AddNeuroMed cohorts: 331 AD, 211 CTL and 149 MCI	1001 proteins probed, 13 proteins identified	SOMAscan	Sensitivity = 0.67, specificity = 0.64, AUC = 0.70
Kiddle et al., [45]	ART, DCR and AddNeuroMed cohorts: 286 AD, 182 MCI and 209 CTL	96 proteins probed, 13 proteins identified	SOMAscan	Sensitivity = 0.83, specificity = 0.66
Greco et al., [37]	AddNeuroMed cohort: 78 AD, 80 MCI and 82 CTL	25 proteins nominated by text mining and Intelligence Network analytics from ‘all’ biological datasets	In silico nomination and in vitro verification by Western blot	PLAUR association with disease p < 0.001 and ChAt association with brain atrophy p < 0.01
Hakobyan et al., [36]	AddNeuroMed and DCR cohorts: 106 AD, 186 CTL and 189 MCI	5 complement proteins and 4 activation products	MSD platform	-combination of clusterin and ApoE status discriminate AD from controls with an AUC of 0.78;
				-combination of clusterin, factor I and terminal complement complex predict MCI conversion to AD with an AUC of 0.85

AD, Alzheimer’s disease; ART, Alzheimer’s Research Trust; DCR, Maudsley and King’s Healthcare Partners Dementia Case Register; MND, KCL motor neuron disease study; 2DGE, 2D gel electrophoresis; LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry; CFH, complement factor H; α2M, α-2-macroglobulin; CTL, cognitively healthy elderly controls; TMT, Tandem Mass Tags; AUC, area under the curve; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; PLAUR, Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor; ChAt, choline acetyltransferase; MSD, mesoscale discovery.