Table 1.
Associated factors to disrespect or abuse during the childbirth in 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort (n = 4275)
| Characteristic | Number | Percent | At least one type of disrespect or abuse | At least two types of disrespect or abuse | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude PR (95%CI) | Adjusted PR (95%CI) | Crude PR (95%CI) | Adjusted PR (95%CI) | |||
| Age (full years) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.056 | 0.646 | ||
| < 20 | 622 | 14.6 | 1.96 (1.20–3.20) | 1.77 (1.06–2.96) | 1.94 (0.71–5.34) | 1.55 (0.55–4.41) |
| 20 to 29 | 2017 | 47.2 | 1.50 (0.93–2.43) | 1.39 (0.85–2.29) | 1.57 (0.59–4.19) | 1.36 (0.51–3.64) |
| 30 to 39 | 1510 | 35.3 | 1.12 (0.68–1.82) | 1.12 (0.68–1.84) | 1.17 (0.43–3.17) | 1.12 (0.41–3.03) |
| 40 to 49 | 125 | 2.9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Skin color (self-reported) | 0.139 | 0.984 | ||||
| White | 3024 | 70.8 | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| Brown | 551 | 13 | 1.11 (0.92–1.34) | 1.03 (0.69–1.54) | ||
| Black | 667 | 15.7 | 1.11 (0.97–1.28) | 1.03 (0.71–1.48) | ||
| Marital status | 0.056 | 0.603 | 0.570 | – | ||
| With partner | 3667 | 85.8 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Without partner | 607 | 14.2 | 1.18 (1.00–1.41) | 1.05 (0.87–1.26) | 1.11 (0.77–1.60) | |
| Maternal education (years completed) | < 0.001 + | 0.595 + | 0. < 001 + | 0.101 + | ||
| < 5 | 391 | 9.2 | 1.38 (1.09–1.76) | 1.06 (0.80–1.40) | 2.16 (1.34–3.47) | 1.77 (0.99–3.13) |
| 5 a 8 | 1095 | 25.6 | 1.43 (1.20–1.71) | 1.02 (0.82–1.28) | 1.73 (1.17–2.54) | 1.41 (0.88–2.26) |
| 9 a 11 | 1457 | 34.1 | 1.24 (1.04–1.47) | 1.00 (0.83–1.21) | 1.67 (1.16–2.41) | 1.50 (1.01–2.25) |
| > =12 | 1330 | 31.1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Family income | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.403 | ||
| 1° quintile (poorest) | 796 | 19.8 | 1.65 (1.29–2.11) | 1.37 (1.02–1.82) | 1.66 (1.02–2.70) | 1.11 (0.63–1.96) |
| 2° quintile | 807 | 20.1 | 1.97 (1.56–2.50) | 1.71 (1.31–2.23) | 1.71 (1.06–2.77) | 1.21 (0.72–2.04) |
| 3° quintile | 804 | 20.0 | 1.31 (1.01–1.69) | 1.18 (0.89–1.55) | 1.13 (0.67–1.91) | 0.82 (0.47–1.41) |
| 4° quintile | 895 | 22.3 | 1.55 (1.21–1.98) | 1.44 (1.12–1.85) | 1.50 (0.93–2.43) | 1.23 (0.75–2.02) |
| 5° quintile (richest) | 714 | 17.8 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Type of payment for delivery care | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| Private care or private insurance | 1302 | 31.7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Public sector | 2801 | 68.3 | 1.88 (1.59–2.22) | 1.71 (1.40–2.09) | 2.98 (2.01–4.41) | 3.23 (2.07–5.03) |
| Type of labor | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| C-sectiona after labor onset | 1594 | 37.3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| C-sectiona before labor onset | 1189 | 27.8 | 1.67 (1.41–1.98) | 1.45 (1.21–1.73) | 2.79 (1.89–4.12) | 2.24 (1.50–3.34) |
| Vaginal delivery | 1488 | 34.9 | 1.63 (1.38–1.92) | 1.22 (1.02–1.46) | 2.83 (1.95–4.13) | 1.84 (1.22–2.76) |
aCesarean section. The numbers in italic are the p-values