Table II.
Patient characteristics by Enterovirus testing group
| Patient Characteristics | CSF EV PCR Not Tested N=15,509 n (%) |
CSF EV PCR Tested N=4,444 n (%) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Demographics | |||
|
| |||
| Age 29–60 days | 6,909 (44.5) | 1,994 (44.9) | 0.86 |
|
| |||
| Male gender | 8,538 (55.1) | 2,523 (56.8) | 0.04 |
|
| |||
| Presentation during peak enteroviral seasona | 5,854 (37.7) | 2,885 (64.9) | < 0.001 |
|
| |||
| Laboratory | |||
|
| |||
| Abnormal urinalysisb | 2,774 (17.9) | 530 (11.9) | < 0.001 |
|
| |||
| WBC ≥ 15,000 cells/mm3 | 2,723 (17.6) | 673 (15.1) | < 0.001 |
|
| |||
| CSF cell count obtained | 12,897 (83.2) | 3,005 (67.6) | < 0.001 |
| CSF pleocytosis presentc | 2,924 (22.7) | 1,163 (38.7) | |
| CSF pleocytosis absentc | 9,973 (77.3) | 1,842 (61.3) | |
|
| |||
| Disposition | |||
|
| |||
| Intensive care unit admission | 2,624 (16.9) | 688 (15.5) | 0.02 |
|
| |||
| Bacterial infections | |||
|
| |||
| Invasive bacterial infectiond | 465 (3.0) | 92 (2.1) | 0.001 |
|
| |||
| Any SBIe | 1,483 (9.6) | 227 (5.1) | < 0.001 |
| UTI | 1,141 (7.4) | 151 (3.4) | |
| Bacteremia | 361 (2.3) | 76 (1.7) | |
| Bacterial meningitis | 152 (1.0) | 30 (0.7) | |
| No SBI | 14,026 (90.4) | 4,217 (94.9) | |
a
June to October
b
Positive nitrite, positive leukocyte esterase or > 5 WBCs/hpf
c
CSF WBC ≥ 20 cells/mm3 for infants 0 to 28 days of age and CSF WBC ≥ 10 cells/mm3 for infants 29 to 60 days of age
d
Bacteremia and/or bacterial meningitis
e
Infants may have had more than one type of SBI
CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; EV: Enterovirus; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; WBC: white blood cell; SBI: serious bacterial infection; UTI: urinary tract infection