Table 1.

Demographic data and baseline clinical characteristics

	CRT group (n = 16)		TAU group (n = 15)
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	t or χ2	P
Sex (male/female)	10/6		9/6		χ2 = 0.02	0.59
Age (years)	36.1	7.7	37.4	11.0	t = − 0.39	0.70
Handedness (right/left)	16/0		13/2		χ2 = 2.28	0.23
Years of education	14.3	2.4	13.0	2.0	t = 1.69	0.10
Years from onset of schizophrenia	12.1	7.8	13.9	13.2	t = −0.47	0.65
Number of hospitalizations	1.0	1.2	2.1	1.9	t = − 2.00	0.056
JART	102.6	11.8	97.8	12.2	t = 1.10	0.28
Drugs
Mean dosage of antipsychoticsa	440.3	265.1	680.3	530.9	t = −1.61	0.12
Mean dosage of anticholinergicsb	0.75	1.65	1.30	1.51	t = −0.97	0.34
PANSS
Positive symptoms	14.8	4.9	14.3	4.2	t = 0.26	0.80
Negative symptoms	20.7	4.4	20.6	7.2	t = 0.04	0.97
General psychopathology	39.6	7.8	41.5	10.5	t = −0.57	0.57
LASMI
Interpersonal relations	11.1	3.9	11.5	7.9	t = −2.13	0.83
Work skills	10.6	3.4	12.6	5.7	t = −1.22	0.23
BACS (z-score)
Verbal memory	−1.8	1.0	−2.0	1.1	t = 0.56	0.58
Working memory	−1.3	1.2	−1.3	1.2	t = −0.18	0.86
Motor speed	−2.4	1.4	−2.8	1.6	t = 0.76	0.45
Verbal fluency	−1.4	0.8	−0.9	0.8	t = − 1.68	0.10
Attention and speed of information processing	−1.6	0.8	−2.1	0.9	t = 1.45	0.16
Executive functions	−0.4	2.3	−1.1	1.6	t = 0.97	0.34
Composite score	−1.5	0.9	−1.7	0.9	t = 0.63	0.53

Abbreviations: BACS Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, CRT cognitive remediation therapy, JART National Adult Reading Test, Japanese Version, LASMI Life Assessment Scale for the Mentally Ill, PANSS Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, SD standard deviation, TAU treatment as usual

^aChlorpromazine-equivalent dose (mg/day)

^bBiperiden-equivalent dose (mg/day)