Table 4.

Changes in Fasting Blood Parameter Levels During the 3-Month Study in the Herbal Combination and Placebo Groups (Groups 1 and 2, Respectively)^a,b.

Blood Parameter	Group	Baseline	Baseline Group 1 vs 2 P Value	Endpoint	Endpoint Group 1 vs 2 P Valuec	Endpoint vs Baseline P Valued	% Change Endpoint vs Baseline
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)	1	190.2 ± 45.6	.98	160.0 ± 44.3	.043	.040	26.3 ↓
	2	189.4 ± 48.3		184.2 ± 49.0		.082	5.7 ↓
HbA1c (%)	1	8.1 ± 1.5	.13	7.7 ± 1.2	.90	.22	4.5 ↓
	2	7.9 ± 1.1		7.8 ± 1.4		.94	1.3 ↓
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	1	210.6 ± 30.1	.83	183.9 ± 29.4	.040	.031	15.7 ↓
	2	208.4 ± 39.4		209.5 ± 39.7		.95	0.5 ↑
LDL-C (mg/dL)	1	139.6 ± 28.0	.89	104.8 ± 38.0	.048	.001	25.2 ↓
	2	127.2 ± 27.3		122.0 ± 32.9		.100	6.9 ↓
HDL-C (mg/dL)	1	40.3 ± 12.1	.29	49.1 ± 12.3	.01	.001	21.8 ↑
	2	45.5 ± 12.0		43.9 ± 9.5		.870	4.4 ↓
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	1	178.7 ± 78.0	.68	165.0 ± 54.7	.07	.22	7.3 ↓
	2	201.2 ± 25.8		212.9 ± 45.6		.75	5.5 ↑
BUN (mg/dL)	1	13.9 ± 2.8	.69	10.4 ± 3.8	.60	.10	2.5 ↓
	2	12.7 ± 2.7		12.3 ± 3.2		.91	0.7 ↓
Creatinine (mg/dL)	1	0.91 ± 0.2	.24	0.93 ± 0.3	.76	.79	2.1 ↑
	2	0.88 ± 0.2		0.91 ± 0.3		.21	3.4 ↑
SGOT (U/L)	1	16.6 ± 4.2	.59	15.7 ± 4.1	.71	.20	6.5 ↓
	2	16.1 ± 3.4		15.4 ± 4.6		.30	4.4 ↓
SGPT (U/L)	1	16.4 ± 2.2	.12	17.2 ± 3.7	.91	.42	4.8 ↑
	2	18.6 ± 2.4		17.1 ± 4.0		.23	8.1 ↓

Abbreviations: LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BUN, blood urea nitrogen.

^aThe data are presented as mean ± standard deviation.

^b P values below .05 are significant.

^cStudent’s t test.

^dPaired t test.