Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants.
| Parameters | Plasma (Notch ligand) cohort | Whole blood (mRNA) cohort | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SCZ (N = 551) | BD (N = 246) | HC (N = 639) | Post Hoc Analysis |
SCZ (N = 338) | BD (N = 241) | HC (N = 263) | Post Hoc Analysis |
|
| Male sex, N (%) | 334 (60.6) | 97 (39.4) | 364 (57.0) | SCZ > HC > BD | 275 (61.5) | 90 (39.5) | 144 (54.8) | SCZ > HC > BD |
| Ethnicity (Cauc. %) | 444 (80.6) | 213 (86.6) | 629 (98.4) | HC > BD > SCZ | 228 (90.1) | 140 (94.6) | 208 (100) | HC > BD > SCZ |
| Medication N(%): | ||||||||
| Antipsychotics | 510 (84.6) | 167 (66.0) | — | SCZ > BD | 234 (92.5) | 114 (77.0) | — | SCZ > BD |
| Lithium | 12 (2.0) | 51 (20.2) | — | BD > SCZ | 3 (1.2) | 32 (21.6) | — | BD > SCZ |
| Antidepressants | 179 (31.5) | 95 (38.8) | — | BD > SCZ | 35 (13.8) | 66 (44.6) | — | BD > SCZ |
| Mood stabilizers | 56 (9.3) | 87 (34.4) | — | BD > SCZ | 78 (30.8) | 57 (38.5) | — | BD > SCZ |
| Age (years) | 27 (13) | 29 (18) | 31 (13) | BD, HC > SCZ | 29 (14) | 35 (20) | 31.0 (13) | BD, HC > SCZ |
| DOI (years) | 4 (8) | 4 (10) | — | BD > SCZ | 4 (9) | 5 (13) | — | BD > SCZ |
| PANSS total score | 62 (22) | 44 (13) | — | SCZ > BD | 64 (24) | 45 (14) | — | SCZ > BD |
| YMRS total score | 3 (9) | 2 (5) | — | SCZ > BD | 3 (9) | 2 (6) | — | SCZ > BD |
| IDS total score | 17 (19) | 17 (16) | — | NS | 18 (18) | 15 (16) | — | NS |
| CDSS total score | 5 (8) | 4 (6) | — | NS | 5 (7) | 3 (7) | — | SCZ > BD |
| GAF-S | 40 (15) | 57 (16) | — | BD > SCZ | 40 (14) | 54 (17) | — | BD > SCZ |
| GAF-F | 42 (14) | 51 (19) | — | BD > SCZ | 42 (15) | 50 (17) | — | BD > SCZ |
Abbreviations: SCZ = Schizophrenia; BD = Bipolar Disorder; HC = Healthy Controls; Cauc. = Caucasians; NS = Non-Significant; DOI = Duration of illness; PANSS = Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; YMRS = Young Mania Rating Scale; IDS = Inventory of Depressive Symptoms; CDSS = Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia; GAF-S = Global Assessment of Functioning - Symptom Scale; GAF-F = Global Assessment of Functioning - Function Scale.
Categorical data are given as percent in brackets, while continuous data are given as median with interquartile range. Post hoc analysis is performed using Pearson Chi-square for categorical data, and Mann-Whitney U tests for continuous data. Differences between groups are significant when p < 0.05.