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. 2018 Jan 11;7(1):10. doi: 10.3390/biology7010010

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Proposed mechanism of ozone activity in STZ rats. Left panel: STZ induces increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and DNA fragmentation; consequently, PARP-1 levels are increased in order to attempt DNA repair. Right panel: oxygen/ozone administration promotes a moderate oxidative preconditioning state, which in turn is able to increase Nrf2, GST production and anti-oxidative defense mechanisms. 4-HNE, PARP-1 and cellular death are decreased, this reduction resulted in higher levels of insulin and leptin and consequently improved the glycemia.