Figure 1.

Mean ± SE time (s) that male and female meadow voles investigated the anogenital area scent mark of their (A) bottom-scent donor versus that of their top-scent donor; (B) novel-scent donor vs. that of their top-scent donor; and (C) novel-scent donor vs. their bottom-scent donor in a 3-min preference test after having been exposed to a mixed-sex over-mark in which the top-scent donor was the same sex as the subject and the bottom and novel scent donors were the opposite sex of the subject. * Indicates a significant difference (<0.05) in investigation time between pairs. Based on Woodward et al. [98].