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. 2018 Feb 28;9(1):30. doi: 10.3390/insects9010030

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Number of X.s bispinatus female offspring and total brood (including females) produced by one foundress female. Artificial media were (A) (medium 1), (B) (medium 2), and (C) (medium 3), prepared with either avocado (AM) or silkbay (SM) sawdust, and either inoculated (+ RL) or not with Raffaelea lauricola. Bars represent mean numbers of female offspring (yellow) and total brood (blue) produced per foundress ± SE. For a given medium, offspring and total brood with the same letters are not significantly different (Tukey’s HSD test: p < 0.05).