a.
Patient demographics
| CKD-5 non-dialysis patients | Dialysis patients | Healthy controls | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 44 | 29 | 20 |
| Male, % | 75.0 | 69.0 | 65.0 |
| HD/PD | - | 21*/8 | - |
| Age, years | 61.3±12.0 | 58.2±14.7 | 59.7±14.1 |
| Height, cm | 173.8±9.3 | 171.6±9.6 | 174.8±11.4 |
| Weight, kg | 79.2±17.3 | 82.7±15.3 | 76.7±15.8 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.0±4.1 | 28.1±4.4 | 24.9±3.4 |
| FO, L | 1.4±2.0 (n = 43) | 1.2±1.5 (n = 28) | 0.1±0.8 |
| Hemoglobin, mmol/L/g/dL | 6.7±0.9/10.7±1.5 (n = 39) | 6.9±0.7/11.2±1.2 (n = 28) | - |
| Residual urine output, mL/24 h | 2,100 (1,700–2,400) (n = 27) | 500 (0–1,445.0) | - |
| Dialysis vintage, years | - | 3.6±3.2 | - |
| Origin of end-stage renal disease, % | |||
| Diabetic nephropathy | 4.5 | 20.7 | - |
| Polycystic kidney disease | 27.3 | 17.2 | |
| Nephrosclerosis | 15.9 | 6.9 | |
| Hypertensive nephropathy | 9.1 | 10.3 | |
| Nephrotic syndrome | 11.4 | 3.4 | |
| Unknown cause | 11.4 | 13.8 | |
| Other | 20.5 | 27.6 | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 15.9 | 41.4 | - |
| Cardiovascular disease | 34.1 | 37.9 | - |
| Risk of mortality by Davies index | |||
| Low risk, % | 47.7 | 41.4 | - |
| Medium risk, % | 43.2 | 37.9 | |
| High risk, % | 9.1 | 20.7 | |
| Previous transplant, % | 22.7 | 31.0 | 0.0 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 145.9±21.4 | 152.4±26.5 | 138.0±13.4 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 83.3±13.0 | 80.8±12.4 | 82.3±6.9 |
Data are given as mean ± SD or median (25th–75th percentile).
HD, hemodialysis; PD, peritoneal dialysis; BMI, body mass index; FO, fluid overload; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure.
*
All HD patients have arteriovenous fistulas.