Table 3.
Association of the risk of insufficient dietary vitamin C intake (<85 mg/day) with sociodemographic factors using the multiple logistic regression model.
| Independent Variables | <85 vs. ≥85 mg/Day of Dietary Vitamin C Intake | |
|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p-Value | |
| Gender | ||
| male | 1.0 | |
| female | 0.93 (0.83, 1.04) | 0.205 |
| Education level | ||
| primary school and below | 1.0 | |
| middle school | 0.84 (0.76, 0.93) | 0.001 |
| high school and above | 0.95 (0.85, 1.07) | 0.406 |
| Residence area | ||
| city | 1.0 | |
| suburban | 0.72 (0.63, 0.82) | <0.001 |
| town or county capital city | 1.20 (1.05, 1.37) | 0.007 |
| rural village | 1.17 (1.04, 1.32) | 0.009 |
| Geographic location | ||
| north | 1.0 | |
| south | 0.85 (0.78, 0.92) | <0.001 |
| Smoking status | ||
| never smoker | 1.0 | |
| former smoker | 0.90 (0.67, 1.20) | 0.470 |
| current smoker | 0.97 (0.86, 1.09) | 0.582 |
| Alcohol intake | ||
| no | 1.0 | |
| yes | 1.00 (0.89, 1.11) | 0.924 |
| Vegetable consumption | ||
| low | 1.0 | |
| moderate | 0.91 (0.82, 1.01) | 0.064 |
| high | 0.68 (0.62, 0.75) | <0.001 |
| Total daily energy intake | ||
| low | 1.0 | |
| moderate | 0.60 (0.54, 0.66) | <0.001 |
| high | 0.33 (0.30, 0.37) | <0.001 |
The logistic regression model was employed, considering gender, educational level, residence area, geographic location, smoking status, alcohol intake, vegetable consumption, and total daily energy intake as independent variables. OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.