. 2018 Mar 8;10(3):326. doi: 10.3390/nu10030326

Table 3.

Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of breast cancer according to the Mediterranean diet score (MDS) across strata of selected covariates. Italy and Switzerland, 1991–2008.

	MDS
	Cases/Controls, OR ^a (95% CI)
	0–3	4–5	6–9	1-Point Increase ^b
Age group
<50	268/321	435/448	275/297	0.94 (0.88–0.99)
<50	1 ^c	0.88 (0.70–1.11)	0.79 (0.61–1.03)	0.94 (0.88–0.99)
50–59	268/276	398/427	283/283	0.97 (0.91–1.03)
50–59	1 ^c	0.87 (0.69–1.10)	0.87 (0.67–1.13)	0.97 (0.91–1.03)
≥60	341/425	490/607	275/306	0.96 (0.91–1.02)
≥60	1 ^c	0.83 (0.68–1.02)	0.86 (0.67–1.10)	0.96 (0.91–1.02)
	p heterogeneity = 0.867			p heterogeneity = 0.911
Menopausal status
Pre-menopause	311/365	510/480	329/334	0.93 (0.88–0.99)
Pre-menopause	1 ^c	0.93 (0.75–1.16)	0.78 (0.61–1.00)	0.93 (0.88–0.99)
Post-menopause	563/657	812/1002	504/552	0.97 (0.93–1.01)
Post-menopause	1 ^c	0.83 (0.71–0.97)	0.87 (0.72–1.04)	0.97 (0.93–1.01)
	p heterogeneity = 0.150			p heterogeneity = 0.711
Education (years)
<7	299/380	586/734	387/467	0.98 (0.93–1.04)
<7	1 ^c	0.93 (0.77–1.13)	0.94 (0.75–1.17)	0.98 (0.93–1.04)
≥7	574/635	733/740	440/411	0.92 (0.88–0.96)
≥7	1 ^c	0.78 (0.66–0.93)	0.69 (0.56–0.85)	0.92 (0.88–0.96)
	p heterogeneity = 0.341			p heterogeneity = 0.181
Parity
0	183/230	191/249	130/118	0.93 (0.86–1.01)
0	1 ^c	0.70 (0.52–0.96)	0.74 (0.51–1.08)	0.93 (0.86–1.01)
1–2	502/558	842/805	494/503	0.94 (0.90–0.98)
1–2	1 ^c	0.95 (0.80–1.12)	0.81 (0.67–0.99)	0.94 (0.90–0.98)
≥3	191/233	288/428	209/264	0.97 (0.91–1.04)
≥3	1 ^c	0.74 (0.58–0.96)	0.82 (0.62–1.10)	0.97 (0.91–1.04)
	p heterogeneity = 0.149			p heterogeneity = 0.565
Body mass index (kg/m²)
<25.0	487/560	704/772	457/434	0.97 (0.92–1.01)
<25.0	1 ^c	0.86 (0.72–1.03)	0.88 (0.72–1.08)	0.97 (0.92–1.01)
≥25.0	390/462	619/710	376/452	0.93 (0.89–0.98)
≥25.0	1	0.87 (0.72–1.05)	0.76 (0.61–0.94)	0.93 (0.89–0.98)
	p heterogeneity = 0.405			p heterogeneity = 0.820
Oral contraceptive use
Never	747/904	1121/1313	710/766	0.96 (0.92–0.99)
Never	1 ^c	0.85 (0.74–0.97)	0.84 (0.72–0.98)	0.96 (0.92–0.99)
Ever	130/118	202/169	123/120	0.91 (0.83–1.00)
Ever	1 ^c	0.87 (0.60–1.25)	0.65 (0.43–0.98)	0.91 (0.83–1.00)
	p heterogeneity = 0.187			p heterogeneity = 0.145
Hormone-replacement therapy use
Never	742/921	1198/1356	759/809	0.96 (0.93–1.00)
Never	1 ^c	0.89 (0.78–1.02)	0.85 (0.73–0.99)	0.96 (0.93–1.00)
Ever	135/101	125/126	74/77	0.87 (0.78–0.97)
Ever	1 ^c	0.68 (0.45–1.02)	0.62 (0.38–1.02)	0.87 (0.78–0.97)
	p heterogeneity = 0.018			p heterogeneity = 0.001

^a Adjusted for study centre, age, education, body mass index, physical activity, smoking, parity, menopausal status, oral contraceptive use, hormone-replacement therapy use, diabetes, family history of breast cancer, non-alcohol energy intake, when appropriate; ^b OR for one point increase in the MDS; ^c Reference category.