Table 2.
Effect of standardized extract (KBH-JP-040) on aggrecan, collagen type-II, inflammatory cytokines, matrix metaloproteins, PGE2 and ROS generation in rat chondrocytes.
| NC | RhIL-1 | RhIL-1+KBH-JP-040 50 | RhIL-1+KBH-JP-040100 | RhIL-1+KBH-JP-040200 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aggrecan (ng/mL) | 12.88 ± 0.62 | 10.90 ± 0.60 ** | 11.54 ± 1.30 * | 11.57 ± 1.05 **,## | 11.74 ± 1.06 **,# |
| Collagen type II (ng/mL) | 12.85 ± 1.15 | 9.51 ± 0.48 ** | 11.80 ± 0.54 **,# | 12.93 ± 3.81 *,## | 13.32 ± 1.22 *,## |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 35.20 ± 8.24 | 60.30 ± 0.76 | 51.66 ± 2.44 | 51.24 ± 1.60 | 50.63 ± 5.32 |
| IL-10 (pg/mL) | 3.34 ± 2.06 | 3.53 ± 1.66 *** | 4.00 ± 1.43 ** | 4.79 ± 2.95 *,# | 4.65 ± 3.35 * |
| IL-12 (pg/mL) | 1.32 ± 0.67 | 2.30 ± 0.64 ** | 1.51 ± 0.36 *,## | 1.39 ± 0.24 ### | 1.01 ± 0.52 ### |
| MMP1 (pg/mL) | 52.98 ± 10.69 | 93.06 ± 34.37 *** | 46.19 ± 30.69 ***,# | 38.31 ± 15.35 **,### | 41.37 ± 12.95 **,### |
| MMP9 (pg/mL) | 34.82 ± 12.80 | 54.05 ± 10.05 *** | 39.24 ± 4.94 ***,# | 38.43 ± 5.88 **,### | 33.21 ± 3.45 **,### |
| MMP13 (pg/mL) | 189.35 ± 23.33 | 269.50 ± 37.08 ** | 211.45 ± 20.37 * | 208.25 ± 38.84 # | 192.15 ± 38.73 |
| PGE2 (pg/mL) | 58.30 ± 1.33 | 81.78 ± 1.19 ** | 54.32 ± 0.81 * | 41.20 ± 0.69 # | 47.22 ± 2.50 |
| ROS (%) | 545.20 ± 17.25 | 645.40 ± 36.73 *** | 563.20 ± 6.45 **,# | 567.60 ± 11.01 *,## | 555.60 ± 13.43 **,# |
NC, normal chondrocytes; RhIL-1, 5 ng/mL recombinant human IL-1-treated group; RhIL-1+ KBH-JP-04050, rhIL-1 and standardized extract , KBH-JP-040 50 μg/mL-treated group; RhIL-1+ KBH-JP-04050, rhIL-1 and KBH-JP-040 50 μg/mL-treated group; RhIL-1+ KBH-JP-040100, rhIL-1 and KBH-JP-040 100 μg/mL-treated group; RhIL-1+ KBH-JP-04050, rhIL-1 and KBH-JP-040 150 μg/mL-treated group. IL interleukin; MMP matrix metalloproteinases, PGE2 prostaglandins E2; ROS reactive oxygen species. All experiments were performed using three replicates. The data are reported as means ± SD. *: p < 0.05; **: p < 0.01; and ***: p < 0.001, Bonferroni post hoc test following one-way ANOVA versus the mock group; #: p < 0.05; ##: p < 0.01; and ###: p < 0.001, Bonferroni post hoc test following one-way ANOVA versus RhIL-1 group.