Table 4.
Demographic characteristics and studied variables by biological sex
| Biological sex | χ2/F | p | Effect size | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys | Girls | ||||
| Cultural background1 n (%) | .041 | .839 | −.0063 | ||
| Dutch/Western | 471 (92.4) | 469 (92.7) | |||
| Non-Dutch/non-Western | 39 (7.6) | 37 (7.3) | |||
| Educational level1 n (%) | .322 | .851 | .0184 | ||
| Preparatory vocational | 105 (20.4) | 100 (19.7) | |||
| Senior general | 137 (26.7) | 143 (28.2) | |||
| University preparatory | 272 (52.9) | 264 (52.1) | |||
| Age2 | |||||
| M | 13.35 | 13.36 | .021 | .855 | .0005 |
| SD | .96 | .90 | |||
| Gender nonconformity2 | 9.83 | .002 | .0105 | ||
| M | 1.46 | 1.59 | |||
| SD | .59 | .73 | |||
| Homophobic name-calling2 | 99.99 | <.001 | .0895 | ||
| M | 1.70 | 1.27 | |||
| SD | .82 | .53 | |||
| Social anxiety2 | 18.65 | <.001 | .0185 | ||
| M | 1.79 | 1.94 | |||
| SD | .52 | .58 | |||
| Psychological distress2 | 58.08 | <.001 | .0545 | ||
| M | 1.52 | 1.79 | |||
| SD | .49 | .63 | |||
Note:
1
Chi-square test of independence;
2
ANOVA;
3
Phi;
4
Cramérs V;
5
Eta-squared.
Gender nonconformity: 1 = low, 7 = high; homophobic name-calling: 1 = low, 5 = high; social anxiety: 1 = low, 5 = high; psychological distress: 1 = low, 5 = high.