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Self-propelled rods. The short-range nematic interaction of SPR is schematically illustrated in (a). The black (white) region is the head (the tail). (b–d) Collective motion of smoothly rotating self-propelled particles with the same symmetry as SPR. Upper: local orientational order [nematic (b), (c); polar (d)]. Bottom: superimposed density of clockwise (green) and counterclockwise (red) particles. Adapted from Nagai et al. (2015).
