Figure 5.

MAPK phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) deficiency in non-hematopoietic cells causes exacerbated skin inflammation. (A) Bone marrow (BM) cells of wild-type (WT) mice were, respectively, transplanted into X-ray-irradiated WT and MKP-1^−/− mice to generate the WT → WT and WT → MKP-1^−/− chimeras. Two months after the generation of BM chimeras, peripheral blood cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. n = 5 mice per group. (B–E) The chimeras were treated with imiquimod (IMQ) for five consecutive days. Changes in ear thickness (B), representative images of hematoxylin and eosin staining of skin section (scale bars: 50 µm) (C), the percentages of IL-17⁺ γδ T cells and IFN-γ⁺ γδ T cells in the draining lymph nodes (DLNs) (D), and the percentages of IL-17⁺CD4⁺ T cells, IFN-γ⁺CD4⁺ T cells, and Foxp3⁺CD4⁺ T cells in the DLNs (E) were analyzed. (F) CD45⁻ cells were sorted from the epidermis of IMQ-treated WT and MKP-1^−/− mice to examine the cytokine expression. n = 3 mice per group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Data are representative of two independent experiments.