Table 2.

Out-of-ACO Expenditures across All Beneficiaries (Unconditional Results) by Place of Service.

	All Care Settings	Inpatient	Outpatient Office	Emergency Department
	Out-of-ACO dollars spent, over entire sample (unconditional)	Out-of-ACO dollars spent, over entire sample (unconditional)	Out-of-ACO dollars spent, over entire sample (unconditional)	Out-of-ACO dollars spent, over entire sample (unconditional)
Race/ethnicity
Caucasian (reference)*	5483	5122	1285	643
	(5307, 5660)	(4958, 5286)	(1370, 1399)	(610, 677)
African American**	−1422	301	−517	22
	(−2047, −644)	(−1416, 2244)	(−640, −385)	(−68, 138)
Asian	−1076	115	−437	−25
	(−1714, −307)	(−1816, 3028)	(−563, −315)	(−127, 96)
Latino	−207	−530	−436	−37
	(−1337, 1144)	(−2220, 1497)	(−613, −246)	(−146, 96)
Other Race/Ethnicity	−1304	−1060	−417	−58
	(−1962, −522)	(−2654, 1078)	(−555, −258)	(−165, 38)
Age (years)
65-74 (reference)	5665	7262	1273	633
	(5482, 5847)	(7016, 7508)	(1259, 1288)	(598, 667)
< 65	48	4581	148	−96
	(−2391, 3341)	(39, 14812)	(−149, 523)	(−327, 129)
75-84	−793	−2635	18	15
	(−1288, −307)	(−4103, −1093)	(−84, 128)	(−60, 90)
85+	−822	−4182	−102	96
	(−1494, −279)	(−5881, 2626)	(−236, 47)	(19, 190)
Sex
Male (reference)	5361	5771	1240	672
	(5090, 5432)	(5587, 5955)	(1226, 1254)	(637, 706)
Female	−166	−1101	31	−34
	(−650, 247)	(−2208, −92)	(−61, 125)	(−98, 17)
Income (tens of thousands)
Quintile 1 (reference) ($1235-$5750)	4905	5129	1086	618
	(4745, 5066)	(4963, 5295)	(1073, 1098)	(587, 650)
Quintile 2 ($5751-$6832)	115	−93	136	−49
	(−558, 890)	(−1544, 1590)	(−6, 263)	(−122, 30)
Quintile 3 ($6833-$7658)	182	−401	201	48
	(−501, 853)	(−1858, 1134)	(60, 343)	(−37, 135)
Quintile 4 ($7659-$11379)	584	155	233	84
	(−86, 1253)	(−1366, 1680)	(101, 379)	(3, 175)
Quintile 5 ($11380-$18227)	643	173	390	52
	(−67, 1416)	(−1590, 1921)	(207, 584)	(−29, 154)
Distance (miles)
0-9 (reference)	4950	4267	1268	652
	(4798, 5111)	(4131, 4403)	(1254, 1282)	(618, 685)
10-19	408	1118	66	−19
	(−132, 1018)	(−99, 2264)	(−61, 217)	(−87, 52)
20-29	−18	1294	−89	−65
	(−770, 837)	(−595, 3230)	(−260, 82)	(−164, 45)
30+	1296	3799	−57	−12
	(490, 2166)	(1803, 6083)	(−198, 95)	(−100, 74)
Medicare Enrollment
Aged (reference)	4598	5454	1240	478
	(4476, 4721)	(5276, 5633)	(1226, 1254)	(466, 490)
ESRD	20690	727	1380	5152
	(12847, 34413)	(−2654, 5283)	(494, 2619)	(2713, 8783)
Disability	2475	−1934	168	338
	(−252, 6848)	(−4147, 401)	(−107, 465)	(97, 773)
Dual-eligible
No (reference)	5562	5483	1303	624
	(5370, 5753)	(5300, 5665)	(1288, 1318)	(593, 656)
Yes	−1318	−1261	−163	46
	(−1839, −738)	(−2595, −60)	(−276, −44)	(−19, 118)
Employer-based Insurance
No (reference)	5261	5237	1287	641
	(5093, 5430)	(5070, 5403)	(1272, 1301)	(608, 674)
Yes	−2107	−3365	−498	−23
	(−2856, −1017)	(−4482, −1906)	(−717, −182)	(−161, 121)
Hypertension
No (reference)	4112	4133	1194	558
	(3986, 4238)	(3992, 4274)	(1180, 1207)	(530, 586)
Yes	1396	1138	115	95
	(990, 1808)	(−228, 2212)	(18, 218)	(31, 160)
Hyperlipidemia
No (reference)	5011	4967	1194	670
	(4850, 5171)	(4806, 5129)	(1181, 1208)	(636, 705)
Yes	294	200	148	−44
	(−157, 712)	(−906, 1173)	(53, 247)	(−113, 9)
Coronary Artery Disease
No (reference)	4505	4429	1219	599
	(4373, 4636	(4292, 4565)	(1205, 1232)	(569, 628)
Yes	1955	1493	215	93
	(1360, 2586)	(415, 2507)	(100, 337)	(27, 166)
Mental Health
No (reference)	4545	5012	1225	564
	(4408, 4676)	(4850, 5175)	(1212, 1239)	(536, 592)
Yes	2601	271	286	227
	(1902, 3244)	(−789, 1378)	(157, 430)	(169, 304)
Dementia
No (reference)	4689	4712	1324	550
	(4553, 4825)	(4563, 4861)	(1309, 1339)	(523, 577)
Yes	3063	1965	−449	415
	(2000, 4266)	(379, 3807)	(−568, −333)	(328, 536)
Osteoarthritis
No (reference)	4210	4107	1134	605
	(4087, 4333)	(3976, 4237)	(1122, 1147)	(574, 636)
Yes	2376	2193	393	75
	(1888, 2845)	(1004, 3117)	(291, 484)	(21, 133)
Rheumatoid Arthritis
No (reference)	5077	5148	1232	642
	(4915, 5239)	(4980, 5316)	(1219, 1246)	(609, 674)
Yes	2533	−735	1010	−29
	(1266, 3897)	(−2331, 1175)	(614, 1505)	(−133, 69)
Cancer (non-skin)
No (reference)	4077	5011	968	607
	(3948, 4205)	(4847, 5176)	(958, 977)	(576, 639)
Yes	2583	187	721	76
	(2149, 3098)	(−747, 1193)	(619, 815)	(22, 133)
COPD
No (reference)	4647	4462	1227	591
	(4505, 4788)	(4325, 4600)	(1214, 1241)	(560, 621)
Yes	2182	1909	234	165
	(1540, 2803)	(750, 2944)	(108, 375)	(101, 237)
Congestive Health Failure
No (reference)	4723	4135	1291	578
	(4587, 4859)	(4020, 4250)	(1276, 1305)	(551, 606)
Yes	2000	3249	−139	195
	(1183, 2999)	(1693, 4972)	(−381, 7)	(124, 268)
Atrial Fibrillation
No (reference)	4766	4750	1226	599
	(4621, 4911)	(4597, 4902)	(1212, 1239)	(569, 630)
Yes	1231	803	197	101
	(717, 1768)	(−186, 1914)	(66, 319)	(44, 154)
ESRD
No (reference)	4832	5125	1258	612
	(4692, 4972)	(4957, 5293)	(1243, 1272)	(582, 641)
Yes	1419	−49	110	72
	(667, 2124)	(−1237, 1125)	(−48, 292)	(4, 142)
Stroke
No (reference)	4522	4120	1206	575
	(4397, 4647)	(4000, 4240)	(1194, 1219)	(547, 603)
Yes	2564	3085	378	199
	(1853, 3271)	(1749, 4691)	(228, 564)	(136, 279)
Peripheral Vascular Disease
No (reference)	4766	4882	1226	613
	(4626, 4906)	(4727, 5037)	(1213, 1239)	(583, 644)
Yes	1925	752	336	89
	(1210, 2689)	(−374, 2073)	(143, 596)	(23, 164)
Diabetes
No (reference)	4821	4934	1223	621
	(4676, 4966)	(4776, 5093)	(1210, 1237)	(590, 651)
Yes	1170	457	211	47
	(643, 1744)	(−666, 1453)	(102, 331)	(−10, 107)
Schizophrenia
No (reference)	5010	4863	1268	602
	(4855, 5165)	(4711, 5015)	(1253, 1282)	(572, 632)
Yes	2830	2907	131	418
	(1424, 4399	(474, 5420)	(−117, 423)	(262, 632)
Thyroid disorder
No (reference)	4956	4872	1234	617
	(4801, 5112)	(4714, 5030)	(1221, 1248)	(586, 648)
Yes	862	827	178	73
	(347, 1379)	(−271, 1962)	(51, 311)	(6, 151)

^*Values for the reference group show the predicted probabilities and predicted means.

^**Values for the non-reference groups show the marginal effects (the adjusted differences between that group and the reference group).