Table 3.
Out-of-ACO Expenditures for Age-Eligible and Non-Age-Eligible Beneficiaries.
| Non-Age-Eligible Population | Age-Eligible Population | |
|---|---|---|
| Out-of-ACO dollars spent, over entire sample (unconditional results) | Out-of-ACO dollars spent, over entire sample (unconditional results) | |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| Caucasian (reference)* | 8301 | 4899.685 |
| (7589, 9014) | (4769, 5031) | |
| African American** | −831 | −1365 |
| (−3014, 1120) | (−1987, −501) | |
| Asian | −2397 | −966 |
| (−5529, −19) | (−1576, −222) | |
| Latino | 226 | −193 |
| (−2148, 3030) | (−1637, 1643) | |
| Other Race/Ethnicity | 348 | −1216 |
| (−3516, 5293) | (−1788, −522) | |
| Sex | ||
| Male (reference) | 8303 | 4664 |
| (7592,9014) | (4534, 4794) | |
| Female | −423 | −49 |
| (−2493, 958) | (−467, 336) | |
| Income (tens of thousands) | ||
| Quintile 1 (reference) | 7141 | 4530 |
| (6511, 7772) | (4404, 4656) | |
| Quintile 2 | 1841 | −194 |
| (−451, 6534) | (−877, 446) | |
| Quintile 3 | 1055 | 41 |
| (−966, 4220) | (−724, 710) | |
| Quintile 4 | 1848 | 399 |
| (−89, 5441) | (−298, 1026) | |
| Quintile 5 | 3862 | 428 |
| (−387, 14421) | (−293, 1162) | |
| Distance (miles) | ||
| 0-9 (reference) | 6969 | 4489 |
| (6380, 7557) | (4364, 4614) | |
| 10-19 | 1647 | 285 |
| (−95, 5372) | (−238, 801) | |
| 20-29 | 13 | 101 |
| (−2087, 2582) | (−657, 995) | |
| 30+ | 3176 | 1196 |
| (972, 7994) | (419, 2067) | |
| Dual-eligible | ||
| No (reference) | 9775 | 4860 |
| (8922, 10627) | (4723, 4997) | |
| Yes | −2756 | −1061 |
| (−5788, −1017) | (−1566, −488) | |
| Employer-based Insurance | ||
| No (reference) | 8131 | 4733 |
| (7433, 8830) | (4603, 4863) | |
| Yes | −3011 | −1876 |
| (−6431, 29) | (−2565, −837) | |
| Hypertension | ||
| No (reference) | 4507 | 3992 |
| (4187, 4827) | (3885, 4098) | |
| Yes | 5230 | 860 |
| (3605, 7903) | (496, 1247) | |
| Hyperlipidemia | ||
| No (reference) | 9022 | 4364 |
| (8215, 9829) | (4247, 4482) | |
| Yes | −1666 | 487 |
| (−5099, 55) | (98, 859) | |
| Coronary Artery Disease | ||
| No (reference) | 7044 | 4114 |
| (6490, 7597) | (4012, 4216) | |
| Yes | 3416 | 1556 |
| (−32, 8278) | (1077, 2062) | |
| Mental Health | ||
| No (reference) | 6231 | 4188 |
| (5713, 6749) | (4088, 4289) | |
| Yes | 6124 | 2084 |
| (3771, 9455) | (1443, 2674) | |
| Dementia | ||
| No (reference) | 4187 | |
| (4087, 4287) | ||
| Yes | 2674 | |
| (1829, 3780) | ||
| Osteoarthritis | ||
| No (reference) | 7346 | 3731 |
| (6732, 7959) | (3639, 3823) | |
| Yes | 2263 | 2158 |
| (564, 4403) | (1739, 2582) | |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis | ||
| No (reference) | 7944 | 4571 |
| (7258,8630) | (4448,4695) | |
| Yes | 1389 | 2519 |
| (−1537, 5849) | (1343,4040) | |
| Cancer (non-skin) | ||
| No (reference) | 6856 | 3586 |
| (6294, 7417) | (3494, 3678) | |
| Yes | 3649 | 2329 |
| (1674, 7279) | (1901, 2751) | |
| COPD | ||
| No (reference) | 7322 | 4195 |
| (6697, 7947) | (4090, 4301) | |
| Yes | 2740 | 1912 |
| (465, 5961) | (1289, 2517) | |
| Congestive Health Failure | ||
| No (reference) | 7311 | 4237 |
| (6732, 7890) | (4137, 4337) | |
| Yes | 3234 | 1871 |
| (131, 7643) | (1017, 2850) | |
| Atrial Fibrillation | ||
| No (reference) | 7421 | 4293 |
| (6808, 8035) | (4183, 4403) | |
| Yes | 2121 | 1062 |
| (−79, 4905) | (549, 1562) | |
| ESRD | ||
| No (reference) | 5573 | 4379 |
| (5207, 5939) | (4268, 4490) | |
| Yes | 8511 | 1454 |
| (5009, 12697) | (751, 2147) | |
| Stroke | ||
| No (reference) | 6945 | 4082 |
| (6413,7477) | (3985, 4178) | |
| Yes | 5600 | 2219 |
| (2674, 9940) | (1589, 2928) | |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease | ||
| No (reference) | 7401 | 4289 |
| (6810, 7992) | (4182, 4397) | |
| Yes | 2874 | 1778 |
| (−159, 6846) | (1061, 2551) | |
| Diabetes | ||
| No (reference) | 6978 | 4406 |
| (6403, 7553) | (4289, 4523) | |
| Yes | 2536 | 970 |
| (514, 5430) | (463, 1458) | |
| Schizophrenia | ||
| No (reference) | 7317 | 4608 |
| (6687,7948) | (4485, 4731) | |
| Yes | 7896 | 1102 |
| (4137, 14183) | (−111, 2548) | |
| Thyroid disorder | ||
| No (reference) | 7899 | 4439 |
| (7220, 8579) | (4321, 4557) | |
| Yes | 579 | 876 |
| (−1340, 2540) | (410, 1400) |
*
Values for the reference group show the predicted probabilities and predicted means.
**
Values for the non-reference groups show the marginal effects (the adjusted differences between that group and the reference group).