Figure 2.

A depiction of secreted metabolites from commensal bacteria and their interactions with the microbiome or host. Lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, short chain fatty acids (SCFA), and bacteriocins are all capable of serving as quorum sensing molecules and/or directly modulating the composition of the microbiome. SCFAs, long chain fatty acids (LCFAs), outer membrane vesicles, vitamins, lactocepins, serpins and biogenic amines have all been demonstrated to beneficially modulate the host. Together these bacterial products shape the intestinal environment and host.