Figure 1.

The ELAD system is an extracorporeal human hepatic cell‐based liver treatment. During ELAD treatment, blood is drawn from the subject via a dual‐lumen catheter using an extracorporeal pumping unit, and then is separated by a specifically designed UF generator cartridge. The UF contains proteins the size of albumin and smaller but does not contain larger proteins such as antibodies. The UF is circulated at a high flow rate through the ELAD cartridges, which contain approximately 440 g of C3A cells. After circulation through the ELAD cartridges, the UF passes through a 0.2‐µm pore size cell filter, is recombined with the cellular components of the subject's blood, and is then returned to the subject via the dual‐lumen catheter.