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. 2018 Mar 20;12(1):1–8. doi: 10.1007/s12105-018-0894-6

Table 5.

Neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) of the larynx and head and neck. Possible areas of study

Areas of study Outstanding questions
Mitotic rate 10 HPFs versus 2 mm2
Ki-67 labeling index (LI) Useful in the distinction of WD-NEC versus MD-NEC?
Useful in the distinction of MD-NEC vs LC-NEC?
Molecular pathology NECs of the head and neck represent a nosologic spectrum or distinctive entities?
NECs of the head and neck similar to NETs of other organs?
Classification Diagnostic criteria for combined/mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine carcinomas
HPV-associated NECs Different molecular pathways abnormalities than non-HPV NECs?