Table 4.

Impact of Incident HF on Cardiovascular Mortality, Stroke, and Myocardial Infarction in New-Onset AF

	No HF	HF	p-value
All-Cause Mortality
No. of events	241	69	–
Incidence rate [95% CI]*	25.2 [21.1-29.4]	42.3 [28.9-55.7]
Hazard Ratio [95% CI]
Age-adjusted	1 [Reference]	2.11 [1.60-2.77]	<0.0001
Multivariable-adjusted†	1 [Reference]	1.83 [1.37-2.45]	<0.0001
CV Mortality
No. of events	59	26	–
Incidence rate [95% CI]	6.3 [4.3-8.3]	16.0 [7.6-24.4]
Hazard Ratio [95% CI]
Age-adjusted	1 [Reference]	3.47 [2.15-5.60]	<0.0001
Multivariable-adjusted	1 [Reference]	2.87 [1.70-4.85]	<0.0001
Stroke
No. of events	81	15	–
Incidence rate [95% CI]	8.8 [6.3-11.3]	9.9 [3.4-16.5]
Hazard Ratio [95% CI]
Age-adjusted	1 [Reference]	1.11 [0.53-2.32]	0.78
Multivariable-adjusted	1 [Reference]	0.89 [0.42-1.90]	0.76
Myocardial Infarction
No. of events	36	15	–
Incidence rate [95% CI]	3.4 [1.8-5.1]	10.0 [3.2-16.8]
Hazard Ratio [95% CI]
Age-adjusted	1 [Reference]	4.96 [2.38-10.33]	<0.0001
Multivariable-adjusted	1 [Reference]	4.90 [2.29-10.50]	<0.0001

^*Incidence rates are age-adjusted and reported per 1000 person-years.

^†Multivariable adjustment was for demography (age, white race, education), randomization assignment (aspirin, Vitamin E), and anticoagulation use at the time of AF diagnosis with time-varying adjustment for body mass index, coronary revascularization, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, statin use, alcohol consumption, exercise, smoking status, and hormone replacement therapy. Mortality (all-cause, cardiovascular) models included additional time-varying adjustment for stroke and MI after AF diagnosis. HF, heart failure; No., number; AF, atrial fibrillation; CI, confidence interval; CV, cardiovascular; MI, myocardial infarction.