Table 2. Relative differences and qualitative outcomes in cross-sectional area (CSA) and functional test post a bilateral squat training period.
Data are mean ± SD.
| Variable | Pre | Post | % Diff (CL) | ES (CL) | Chances % | Qualitative magnitude |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MRI | ||||||
| VL+VI | 43.88 ± 5.67 | 48.62 ± 8.84 | 9.98 (3.35; 17.04) | 0.62 (0.21; 1.02) | 96/4/0 | Very Likely |
| RF | 8.17 ± 2.27 | 8.63 ± 2.14 | 6.47 (-1.69; 15.31) | 0.21 (-0.06; 0.48) | 53/46/1 | Unclear |
| VM | 18.90 ± 4.40 | 21.03 ± 4.01 | 11.26 (2.02; 20.05) | 0.46 (0.13; 0.78) | 91/9/0 | Likely |
| AM | 19.84 ± 3.14 | 20.56 ± 3.83 | 3.10 (-1.86; 8.32) | 0.18 (-0.11; 0.46) | 44/54/2 | Unclear |
| MG | 16.59 ± 2.92 | 17.69 ± 2.85 | 7.02 (2.17; 12.10) | 0.34 (0.11; 0.58) | 85/15/0 | Likely |
| LG | 9.26 ± 2.06 | 10.17 ± 2.78 | 9.09 (-0.04; 19.05) | 0.33 (0.00; 0.67) | 75/24/1 | Likely |
| S | 34.11 ± 5.72 | 33.47 ± 6.10 | -2.07 (-4.75; 0.69) | -0.12 (-0.27; 0.04) | 0/83/17 | Unclear |
| Field Test | ||||||
| CMJ (cm) | 34.65 ± 3.78 | 36.52 ± 4.89 | 5.12 (1.35; 9.03) | 0.42 (0.11; 0.73) | 89/11/0 | Likely |
| T-10m (s) | 1.85 ± 0.07 | 1.85 ± 0.09 | 0.03 (-1.76; 1.85) | 0.01 (-0.44; 0.45) | 23/56/21 | Unclear |
| COD180d (s) | 2.68 ± 0.15 | 2.66 ± 0.14 | -0.66 (-3.54; 2.30) | -0.11 (-0.62; 0.39) | 15/47/39 | Unclear |
| COD180nd (s) | 2.65 ± 0.15 | 2.65 ± 0.14 | -0.06 (-1.38; 1.28) | -0.01 (-0.23; 0.21) | 6/86/8 | Unclear |
| COD90d (s) | 2.51 ± 0.11 | 2.43 ± 0.12 | -3.21 (-4.57; -1.84) | -0.70 (-1.00; -0.40) | 0/1/99 | Very Likely |
| COD90nd (s) | 2.49 ± 0.13 | 2.45 ± 0.14 | -1.63 (-4.12; 0.92) | -0.29 (-0.74; 0.16) | 4/33/64 | Unclear |
| DEC-COD180d (%) | 44.94 ± 6.93 | 43.94 ± 6.78 | -2.23 (-12.28; 8.97) | -0.14 (-0.81; 0.53) | 19/37/44 | Unclear |
| DEC-COD180nd (%) | 43.13 ± 6.22 | 42.95 ± 4.86 | 0.09 (-6.48; 7.13) | 0.01 (-0.40; 0.41) | 21/60/19 | Unclear |
| DEC-COD90d (%) | 35.77 ± 5.29 | 31.46 ± 7.24 | -13.17 (-20.91; -4.66) | -0.84 (-1.39; -0.28) | 0/3/97 | Very Likely |
| DEC-COD90nd (%) | 34.53 ± 6.48 | 32.29 ± 6.34 | -6.61 (-16.38; 4.30) | -0.34 (-0.89; 0.21) | 5/28/67 | Unclear |
| Laboratory Test | ||||||
| POWER (w/kg) | 6.61 ± 1,58 | 9.05 ± 1,70 | 38.63 (29,17; 48,78) | 1.15 (0.90; 1.40) | 100/0/0 | Almost Certainly |
| POWERd (w/kg) | 4.85 ± 1.13 | 7.35 ± 1.36 | 53.23 (37.29; 71.01) | 1.55 (1.15; 1.94) | 100/0/0 | Almost Certainly |
| POWERnd (w/kg) | 5.00 ± 1.15 | 6.95 ± 1.34 | 40.68 (26.09; 56.95) | 1.24 (0.84; 1.64) | 100/0/0 | Almost Certainly |
NOTE: VL+VI = Vastus lateralis and vastus intermedius; RF = rectus femoris; VM = vastus medialis; AM = adductor major; LG = lateral gastrocnemius; MG = medial gastrocnemius; P = Peroneus; S = soleus; CMJ = Couter movement junp; T-10m = time in 10 m linear sprint test; COD180d and COD180nd = time in 5+5 m sprint change of direction of 180° with dominant and non-dominat foot; COD90d and COD90nd = time in 5+5 m sprint change of direction of 90° with dominant and non-dominat foot; DEC-COD = percentage mean speed loss due to execute CODs compared to 10 m sprint time; POWER, POWERd and POWERnd = power relative to bodyweight in squat exercise with both legs, dominant leg and non-dominant leg. CL = confidence limits; ES = effect size; Chances = percentage chance of having better/similar/poorer values.