Table 1. Subject demographics based on health literacy score.
| HL<= 9 (111) | HL = 10 (267) | HL = 11 (632) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years* | 55.7±11.1&^ | 50.5±12& | 50.4±10.9^ | <0.001 |
| Gender (M/F) (%) | 82/29&^ (73.9/26.1) | 163/104& (61.1/38.9) | 381/251^ (60.3/39.7) | 0.023 |
| HTN history (yes/no) (%) | 28/83 & (25.2/74.8) | 35/230 & (13.2/86.8) | 120/505 (19.2/80.8) | 0.014 |
| Height, cm* | 166.3±8.2 | 166.6±8.7 | 166.4±7.9 | 0.928 |
| Weight, kg* | 70.2±12.5&^ | 66.3±12.5& | 66.3±12.1^ | 0.008 |
| BMI, kg/m2* | 25.3±3.8&^ | 23.8±3.3& | 23.9±3.4^ | <0.001 |
| WC, cm* | 89.9±12.3 &^ | 87.1±13.9& | 86.6±12.5^ | 0.047 |
| SBP, mmHg* | 125.3±17.7&^ | 119.9±17.2& | 120.1±18.1^ | 0.014 |
| DBP, mmHg* | 76.6±10.4 | 75.2±11.2 | 76.3±11.5 | 0.319 |
| Smoking (yes/no) (%) | 30/80 (27.3/72.7) | 60/207 (22.5/77.5) | 130/502 (20.6/79.4) | 0.278 |
| Drinking (yes/no) (%) | 48/62 ^ (43.6/56.4) | 83/184 (31.1/68.9) | 198/434 ^ (31.3/68.7) | 0.033 |
| Cholesterol, mg/dL* | 196.7±38.7 | 202.6±35.9 | 202.9±35.9 | 0.238 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL* | 118.1±58.9 | 117.1±63.6 | 122.6±75.3 | 0.522 |
| Uric acid, mg/dL* | 6.5±1.7 | 6.4±1.6 | 6.3±1.6 | 0.26 |
| HDL, mg/dL* | 47.8±12.5 | 49.7±13.8 | 49.3±12.9 | 0.445 |
| LDL, mg/dL* | 120.8±32.7 | 126.5±34.1 | 126.3±32.4 | 0.24 |
| Cholesterol/HDL* | 4.3±1.1 | 4.3±1.3 | 4.3±1.2 | 0.88 |
| LDL/HDL* | 2.7±0.8 | 2.7±1 | 2.7±1 | 0.678 |
| Non-HDL cholesterol, mg/dL* | 148.8±37 | 152.9±36.1 | 153.6±35.5 | 0.433 |
| HbA1c (%)* | 5.9±0.9&^ | 5.6±0.7& | 5.7±0.7^ | 0.001 |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL* | 102.8±32.4&^ | 90.8±16.9& | 93.4±21.2^ | <0.001 |
| AST, IU/L* | 26.2±14.4 | 24±9 | 23.7±10.9 | 0.089 |
| ALT, IU/L* | 31.3±23.9 | 27.2±18.7 | 27±20.4 | 0.119 |
| ALP, IU/L* | 68.1±19.3&^ | 62.6±15.9& | 62.3±16.3^ | 0.003 |
| GGT, IU/L* | 31.1±27.9&^ | 24.8±14.7& | 25.5±17.5^ | 0.005 |
| TB, mg/dL* | 1.1±0.5 | 1.2±0.6 | 1.1±0.5 | 0.271 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL* | 0.9±0.2 | 0.9±0.2 | 0.9±0.2 | 0.394 |
HL, health literacy; M, male; F, female; HTN, hypertension; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; GGT, gamma-glutamyltransferase; TB, total bilirubin.
*Expressed as mean ± standard deviation.
&Indicating significant post hoc analysis between HL<= 9 and HL = 10.
^Indicating significant post hoc analysis between HL<= 9 and HL = 11.
%Indicating significant post hoc analysis between HL = 10 and HL = 11.