TABLE 4.
Spinal Delivery and CSF Formation Rates and Volumes by Species
| SPECIES | ROUTE | ACUTE (bolus) | CATH | CHRONIC (infusion) | Qcsf (mL/hr)a | CSF Vol (mL)a,b | IT Bolus (mL) c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mouse | IT | Yes | No | No | 0.020 | 0.04 | 0.005 |
| Rat | EP/IT | Yes | Yes | Yes | 0.13–0.32 | 0.25 | 0.01 |
| Guinea Pig | EP/IT | Yes | Yes | Yes | 0.21 | 0.30 | 0.01 |
| Rabbit | EP-IT | Yes | Yes | Yes | 0.36–0.6 | 1.4–2.3 (2) | 0.2 |
| Dog | EP/IT | Yes | Yes | Yes | 1.9–4.0 | 7.8–24 (16) | 0.5 |
| Pig | EP/IT | Yes | Yes | Yes | 7.8 | 50 | 1.0 |
| Goat | EP/IT | Yes | Yes | Yes | 9.8 | 25–30 (23) | 2.0 |
| Primate | EP/IT | Yes | Yes | Yes | 1,7–2.5 | 15 | 0.5 |
| Human | EP/IT | Yes | Yes | Yes | 21–24 | 100–160 (130) | 2.0 |
Values typically determined by ventriculocisternal perfusion (Adapted from Artru 1999 (107)).
b
These estimated volumes are typically reflective of the total neuraxial (spinal and supraspinal) CSF volumes (see text). Numbers in parentheses are means for calculation.
c
Nominal volumes. Significant variations can be found in the published literature
IT: Intrathecal; EP: Epidural.