Protein boosts maintain heterologous tier 1 plasma neutralizing antibodies but not autologous tier 2 plasma neutralizing antibodies. (A) Week 84 (2× NYVAC/5× gp120) plasma neutralization activity against a panel of tier 1 and 2 viruses by each vaccinated macaque in each group. The immunization group is indicated in the column header. The neutralization titer is shown as reciprocal plasma dilution that yields 50% inhibition of virus replication (ID50). Neutralization titers are color-coded based on neutralization potency as follows: white, <20; yellow, 20 to 99; orange, 100 to 999; and red, >1,000. (B) Comparison of neutralization titers (ID50) elicited by the three immunogens against MN.3 (left) and MW965.26 (right). (C) Comparison of tier 1 neutralization titers (ID50) elicited by NYVAC-protein (orange), DNA-NYVAC (purple), and DNA-NYVAC-protein (brown) vaccination regimens. Immunogens used for the vaccination regimen are listed on the x axis. (D and E) Week 30 and 84 plasma neutralization of autologous tier 1 and 2 viruses (D) and heterologous tier 1 virus MN.3 (E) by each macaque vaccinated with B.1059, CON-S, and T cell mosaic envelopes. Neutralization was tested before vaccination (week 0), after two NYVAC primes and 3 protein boosts (week 30), and after two NYVAC primes and 5 protein boosts (week 84). Each symbol represents the neutralization titer (ID50) of an individual macaque.