Table 1.

Summary table of studies that examined other variables besides pain response after sucrose administration. (CNS, central nervous system; ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone; CRH, corticotropin-releasing hormone; mRNA, messenger ribonucleic acid)

Population	Parameter Measured	Effect	Sucrose Dose	Control	References
Premature Infant	ATP Utilization	Increased	2 mL for neonates >2 kg 1.5 mL for neonates 1.5–2 kg 0.5 mL for neonates that were <1.5 kg	Placebo (Sterile Water)	[10]
	Oxidative Stress	Increased
Premature Infant	Salivary Cortisol	No Significant Difference	0.1–0.3 mL per Painful Procedure	Placebo (Sterile Water)	[91]
Premature Infant	Plasma Cortisol	No Significant Difference	Pacifier Dipped in Sucrose	Water	[92]
Adult Human Females	Salivary Cortisol	Decreased	3 Servings of Study Beverageper Day	Aspartame	[93]
	Regional Brain Responses	Increased in Left Hippocampus
Premature Infant	Neurodevelopmental Assessment	No Significant Difference	0.5 mL per Painful Procedure	Placebo (Sterile Water)	[94]
Mouse Pups	CNS White Matter Regions	Decreased	0.1–0.2 g Sucrose per kg Body Weight	Vehicle (Sterile Water)	[95]
	CNS Gray Matter Regions	Decreased
Adult Rat	Plasma ACTH	Decreased	Up to 4 mL Twice a Day	Saccharin and/or Water	[96,97]
	Corticosterone	Decreased
	CRH mRNA	Decreased