Table 2.
Effect of overexpression of stress responsive genes on resistance to genotoxic agents in vivo.
| Gene (Gene ID *; Origin, If Different) | Object | Overexpression Specificity | Agents | R * | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genes involved in DNA damage recognition and repair | |||||
| mus210 (36697) | D. melanogaster | ubiquitous | γ-ray | 0 | [190] |
| paraquat | ↓ | [191] | |||
| mei9 (31373) | D. melanogaster | ubiquitous | γ-ray | ↓ | [190] |
| paraquat | ♂—↑; ♀—0 | [191] | |||
| neurospecific | paraquat | ↓ | [191] | ||
| Rrp1 (33500) | D. melanogaster | ubiquitous | paraquat | ♂—↑; ♀—0 | [191] |
| γ-ray | ↓ | [190] | |||
| Ku80 (34930) | D. melanogaster | ubiquitous | γ-ray | 0 | [190] |
| paraquat | ♂—↑; ♀—0 | [191] | |||
| Brca2 (37916) | D. melanogaster | ubiquitous | γ-ray | 0 | [190] |
| spnB (41746) | D. melanogaster | ubiquitous | γ-ray | 0 | [190] |
| dPrp19 (37123) | D. melanogaster | ubiquitous | paraquat, cisplatin | ♀—↑ | [192] |
| Ada (946710; E. coli) and its truncated and modified versions | M. musculus | ubiquitous | dimethylnitrosamine, diethylnitrosamine | ↑ | [193] |
| hepatic | MNU, nitrosodimethylamine | ↑ | [194] | ||
| MGMT (4255) and its modified versions | M. musculus | bone marrow | alkylating agents | ↑ | [119,120,124,195] |
| ubiquitous but predominantly in the thymus | alkylating agents | ↑ | [53,55,56,196,197,198] | ||
| epidermal | alkylating agents | ↑ | [51,199] | ||
| lung | 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone | ↑ | [54] | ||
| Genes involved in detoxification and efflux of free radicals and xenobiotics | |||||
| Gclc (53581) | D. melanogaster | ubiquitous | paraquat | ↑ | [200] |
| SOD1 (6647) | D. melanogaster | motorneurons | paraquat | ↑ | [201] |
| γ-ray | ↑ | [201] | |||
| ubiquitous | paraquat | 0 | [202] | ||
| M. musculus | ubiquitous | benzo(a)pyrene | ↑ | [203,204] | |
| SOD2 (36878) | D. melanogaster | ubiquitous | 100% O2 | 0 | [205] |
| EC-SOD (6649) | M. musculus | alveolar type II and nonciliated distal bronchial epithelial cells | 4-MV photons | ↑ | [206] |
| CAT (847) | D. melanogaster | ubiquitous | H2O2 | ↑ | [207] |
| M. musculus | heart-specific | doxorubicin | ↑ | [208] | |
| ubiquitous | benzo(a)pyrene | ↑ | [203,204] | ||
| proton irradiation | ↑ | [209,210] | |||
| MTII (17750) | M. musculus | ubiquitous | streptozotocin | ↑ | [129] |
| Genes involved in control of proliferation and cell cycle | |||||
| Mnk (35288) | D. melanogaster | neurospecific | paraquat | ↓ | [191] |
| dGADD45 (35646) | D. melanogaster | ubiquitous | γ-ray | ↓ | [190] |
| neurospecific | paraquat | ♂—↑; ♀—0 | [211] | ||
| γ-ray | 0 | [211] | |||
| Genes involved in regulation of apoptosis | |||||
| BCL2 (596; human) | M. musculus | ubiquitous | X-ray | ↑ | [212] |
| Genes with other function | |||||
| WRNexo (42208) | D. melanogaster | neurospecific | paraquat | ↓ | [191] |
| ubiquitous | γ-ray | 0 | [190] | ||
| Per (31251) | D. melanogaster | neurospecific | paraquat | ↑ | [213] |
| CLOCK (38872) | D. melanogaster | neurospecific | paraquat | ↑ | [213] |
| Cyc (40162) | D. melanogaster | neurospecific | paraquat | ↓ | [213] |
| IGF1R_(3480; human) | KSN nude M. musculus | tumor generated by transgenic HeLa cells | X-ray | ↑ | [153] |
| Sirt1 (93759) | M. musculus | heart-specific | paraquat | ↑ | [214] |
| VASH1 (22846; human) | M. musculus | intratracheally infected with adenovirus vector encoding human VASH1 | paraquat | ↑ | [164] |
| dFOXO (41709) | D. melanogaster | pericerebral fat body | paraquat | ↑ | [215] |
Gene ID *—EntrezGene ID for the organism from which the cDNA originated. When listed experiments performed in different species the human EntrezGene ID are specified. R *—resistance estimated based on survival, growth inhibition, DNA damage, mutagenesis or neoplastic transformation andpoints.