Skip to main content
. 2018 Jan 20;11(1):7. doi: 10.3390/ph11010007

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Effects of PMFs on the IL-1-induced osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. (A) Structures of nobiletin, tangeretin, tetramethoxyflavone (TMF), and heptamethoxyflavone (HMF). (B) Mouse POBs and BMCs were cocultured for 7 days with IL-1 (2 ng/mL) in the presence of PMFs (15, 30 μg/mL). TRAP-positive multi-nuclear osteoclasts were classified as osteoclasts. The upper panels show TRAP-stained osteoclastic cells. The data are expressed as the means ± SEM (standard error of the mean) of 4 wells. (C) Newborn mouse calvariae were cultured for 5 days with IL-1 (4 ng/mL) and PMFs (15, 30 μg/mL). The bone-resorbing activity was determined based on the calcium concentration in the medium using OCPC methods. The data are expressed as the means ± SEM of 5 independent cultures. Significant differences between the two groups are indicated; *** p < 0.001 vs. control, # p < 0.05 and ### p < 0.001 vs. IL-1.