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. 2018 Jan 20;11(1):7. doi: 10.3390/ph11010007

Figure 4.

Figure 4

PMFs inhibited LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption in mouse mandibular alveolar bone. (A) Mouse POBs and BMCs were cocultured for 7 days with LPS (1 ng/mL) in the presence or absence of PMFs (15, 30 μg/mL). TRAP-positive multi-nuclear osteoclasts were classified as osteoclasts. The upper panels show TRAP-stained osteoclastic cells. The data are expressed as the means ± SEM of 4 wells. (B) Newborn mouse calvariae were cultured for 5 days with or without LPS (1 μg/mL) and PMFs (15, 30 μg/mL). (C) Mandibular alveolar bone was collected from mouse lower gingiva, and the teeth were removed under a microscope (left panel). Calvariae and alveolar bone were cultured for 5 days with or without LPS (1 μg/mL) and PMFs (15, 30 μg/mL), and the bone-resorbing activity was determined based on the calcium concentration in the medium. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of 4 independent cultures. Significant differences between the two groups are indicated; ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001 vs. control, # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 and ### p < 0.001 vs. LPS.