Table 1.

Age- and organ-differentiated levels of cadmium accumulation.

Country	Age/Organs	Cadmium (μg/g Wet Tissue Weight)
Sweden [57]	Age	0–9	10–29	30–39	40–59	60–79	80–99
	Liver	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.8	1.0	0.6
	Kidney	2.4	8.8	18.0	19.9	15.0	7.1
	K/L ratios	3.4:1	15:1	30:1	25:1	15:1	11:1
Canada I [58]	Age		1–20	21–40	41–60	61–80	81–90
	Liver		1.0	1.7	2.3	2.2	0.7
	Kidney		5.4	26.3	41.8	16.4	6.8
	K/L ratios		5.4:1	16:1	18:1	7.5:1	9.7:1
Canada II [59]	Age	<10	10–19	20–29	30–39	40–49	50–59	60–69	70–79	>79
	Liver	0.3	0.7	1.4	1.5	1.6	2.2	1.8	1.5	2.5
	Kidney	4.5	5.2	6.8	18.9	41.2	44.2	32.7	23.6	22.8
	K/L ratios	15:1	7.4:1	4.9:1	13:1	26:1	20:1	18:1	16:1	9:1
Australia [60]	Age	2–7	10–19	20–29	30–39	40–49	50–59	60–69	70–79	80–89
	Lung	0.01	0.04	0.22	0.11	0.30	0.14	0.12	0.08	0.03
	Liver	0.21	0.71	0.65	0.95	1.45	0.93	0.94	2.14	1.0
	Kidney	1.63	5.44	9.80	17.8	25.0	22.1	21.6	31.7	8.6
	K/L ratios	7.8:1	7.7:1	15:1	19:1	17:1	24:1	23:1	15:1	8.6:1
Greensland [61]	Age			19–29	30–39	40–49	50–59	60–69	70–79	80–89
	Liver			1.4	2.0	1.7	0.8	1.6	2.6	1.6
	Kidney			12.3	17.8	22.3	18.3	15.8	15.4	5.2
	K/L ratios			8.8:1	8.9:1	13:1	23:1	9.9:1	5.9:1	3.3:1
Japan I [62]	Age	0–1	2–20	21–40	41–60	61–95
	Liver	0.05	1.1	2.3	1.9	3.6
	Kidney	0.61	8.4	33.3	69.8	52.3
	K/L ratios	12:1	7.6:1	15:1	37:1	15:1
Japan II [63] a	Age				46–87	62–97
	Liver				11.9	69.7
	Cortex				87.3	36.0
	Medulla				39.1	25.3
	K/L ratios				7.3:1	0.5:1

K/L = Kidney cortex to liver Cd ratio; ^a = Data are from itai-itai disease patients (aged 62–97 years) and controls (aged 46–87 years) [63].