. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 29.

Published in final edited form as: J Trauma Stress. 2015 Sep 21;28(5):456–459. doi: 10.1002/jts.22044

Table 2.

Cumulative Sequential Models of the Relationship Between Early Trauma Exposure and Symptomatic CHD

Model	Variable	OR	95% CI
Overall sample
1	Unadjusted (n = 562)	1.48	[1.18, 1.86]
2	Adjusted for age (n = 562)	1.57	[1.24, 1.98]
3	Further adjusted for education and behavioral factors^a (n = 555)	1.42	[1.12, 1.81]
4	Further adjusted for psychological factors^b (n = 554)	1.37	[1.07, 1.76]
Within-pair effects^c
1	Unadjusted (n = 562)	1.12	[0.75, 1.65]
3	Further adjusted for education and behavioral factors^a (n = 555)	0.96	[0.62, 1.49]
4	Further adjusted for psychological factors^b (n = 554)	0.96	[0.62, 1.49]
Between-pair effects^d
1	Unadjusted (n = 562)	1.76	[1.30, 2.40]
2	Adjusted for Age (n = 562)	1.94	[1.43, 2.64]
3	Further adjusted for education and behavioral factors^a (n = 555)	1.81	[1.31, 2.49]
4	Further adjusted for psychological factors^b (n = 554)	1.76	[1.26, 2.45]

Note. Each model includes all variables in the previous model. Values presented are odds ratios (ORs) of early trauma exposure on coronary heart disease. The ORs describe the increase in odds of outcome for each incremental Early Trauma Inventory (ETI) quartile difference. CHD = coronary heart disease.

Behavioral factors include alcohol and drug abuse, body mass index, smoking status (current/past smoker) and physical activity.

Psychological factors include depression and posttraumatic stress disorder.

For the within-pair effects, the OR describes the increase in odds of CHD per each incremental ETI quartile difference, comparing twins in each pair. Because age does not vary within twin pairs, Step 2 was removed.

For the between-pair effects, the OR describes the increase in odds of CHD for the twin pair (describing the average odds for the two twins in each pair) per each incremental ETI quartile difference, across twin pairs.