Table 1. Dye-sensitised photocathodes with immobilised molecular catalysts for proton reduction in aqueous solution.

Substrate	Dye	Catalyst	pH	Electrolyte solution	|j|/μA cm–2@Eapp/V vs. RHE	Faradaic efficiency	TONcat	Reference
CuCrO2	DPP-P	NiP	3	Na2SO4	15@0.00	34 ± 8%	126 ± 13.3 (2 h)	This work
NiO	DPP-P	NiP	3	Na2SO4	5.8@0.00	31 ± 8%	n. r. a	This work
NiO	Ru complex (RuP3)	NiP	3	Na2SO4	∼10@0.30	8.6 ± 2.3%	≈1 (2 h) b	37
NiO	Dyad organic dye-cobalt diimine-dioxime		5.5	MES/NaCl	15@0.14	9.5%	≈4 (2 h) b	18
NiO	Supramolecular Ru complex-cobaloxime assembly		7	Phosphate	8@0.51	68%	n. r. a	40
NiO	Organic dye (P1)	Cobaloxime	7	Phosphate	∼5@0.21	68%	n. r. a	39
NiO	Ru complex (RuP)	Cobaloxime (CoHEC)	7	Phosphate	13@0.21	n. r. a	n. r. a	41
NiO	Coumarine C343	Fe2(CO)6(bdt)	4.5	Acetate	∼10@0.16	50%	≤3 (18 min)	38
NiO	CdSe	Cobaloxime	6.8	Na2SO4	100@0.40	81%	n. r. a	42
ITO	Supramolecular Ru complex-(RuP2)-NiP assembly		5.1	MES	56@0.05	53 ± 5%	≈16 (3 h) b	43
NiKO|NiCuO|ioITO	Supramolecular Ru complex (RuP2)-NiP assembly		5.0	MES/KCl	∼59@0.05	∼90%	≈20 (2 h)	44

^an. r.: not reported.

^bCalculated from the reference.