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. 2017 Dec 19;24(1):77–87. doi: 10.3350/cmh.2017.0039

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Copyright © 2018 by The Korean Association for the Study of the Liver

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 6. — Proposed model for the protective action of picroside II in FFA-loaded HepG2 cells: Picroside II attenuated FFA accumulation in HepG2 cells via downregulation of FATP5, SREBP-1 and SCD, decreasing fatty acid uptake and lipid synthesis. Picroside II was also found to decrease the expression of FOXO1 and PEPCK resulting in decreased gluconeogenesis. Black dotted arrows indicates decrease in the expression of genes upon picroside II pretreatment. Red arrows indicates inhibitory activity of picroside II on the genes examined. FFAs, free fatty acids; FATP5, fatty acid transport protein 5; SREBP-1, sterol regulatory element binding protein-1; SCD, stearoyl CoA desaturase; FOXO1, forkhead box protein O1; PEPCK, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase; IR, insulin resistance; CoA, coenzyme A; PPAR-a, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α; TCA, tricarboxylic acid cycle.