Table. Results of Univariate Meta-Regression Analyses of the Association Between Perinatal and Demographic Covariates and Intelligence Scores.
| Covariate | κ Value | Change in IQ Points per Unit Change in Covariate (95% CI)a | R2 Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| GA, wk | 70 | 1.26 (0.52 to 2.00)b | 23.94 |
| BW, g | 68 | 0.02 (0.003 to 0.02)c | 19.84 |
| SGA, % | 50 | −0.04 (−0.15 to 0.07) | 0.79 |
| IVH grade I/II, % | 50 | −0.17 (−0.31 to −0.03)d | 13.07 |
| IVH grade III/IV, % | 54 | −0.26 (−0.54 to 0.03) | 9.15 |
| PVL, % | 46 | −0.26 (−0.48 to −0.04)d | 13.08 |
| BPD, % | 49 | −0.15 (−0.19 to −0.09)b | 64.99 |
| NEC, % | 41 | 0.06 (−0.13 to 0.24) | 0.26 |
| Sepsis, % | 38 | −0.05 (−0.12 to 0.03) | 1.36 |
| Postnatal corticosteroid use, % | 31 | −0.09 (−0.17 to −0.01)d | 32.68 |
| Sex, % male | 66 | 0.10 (−0.05 to 0.26) | 1.62 |
| Race/ethnicity, % nonwhite | 33 | −0.001 (−0.11 to 0.09) | 0.17 |
| Maternal education <12 y, % | 15 | −0.03 (−0.20 to 0.07) | 0 |
Abbreviations: BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; BW, birth weight; GA, gestational age; IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; PVL, periventricular leukomalacia; SGA, small for gestational age.
a
These values indicate the change in IQ points for each unit change in the covariate. For example, a 1-week change in GA is associated with a 1.26-point change in IQ. A negative value indicates a negative association (ie, a decrease in the covariate is associated with an increase in IQ and vice versa). For example, a decrease of 1% in the rate of BPD is associated with an increase in IQ of 0.15 points.
b
P < .001.
c
P < .01.
d
P < .05.