Table 1. Participant Characteristics.
| Characteristic | No. (%) of Surgeons (N = 347a) |
|---|---|
| Current role | |
| Practicing surgeon | 159 (45.8) |
| Fellow | 53 (15.3) |
| Resident | 135 (38.9) |
| Current or anticipated surgical specialty (n = 293) | |
| General | 55 (18.8) |
| Trauma and acute care surgery | 51 (17.4) |
| Breast | 35 (11.9) |
| Pediatrics | 28 (9.6) |
| Plastics | 26 (8.9) |
| Colorectal | 23 (7.8) |
| Vascular | 21 (7.2) |
| Bariatric and minimally invasive | 17 (5.8) |
| Cardiothoracic | 12 (4.1) |
| Surgical oncology | 11 (3.8) |
| Endocrine | 8 (2.7) |
| Transplant | 6 (2.0) |
| Past or anticipated year of residency completion | |
| 2007-2009 | 24 (6.9) |
| 2010-2012 | 53 (15.3) |
| 2013-2015 | 79 (22.8) |
| 2016-2018 | 136 (39.2) |
| 2019-2022 | 55 (15.9) |
| No. of pregnancies during residency (n = 346) | |
| 1 | 246 (71.1) |
| 2 | 94 (27.2) |
| 3 | 6 (1.7) |
| Level of training during pregnancyb (n = 327) | |
| PGY 1 | 16 (4.9) |
| PGY 2 | 41 (12.5) |
| PGY 3 | 72 (22.0) |
| PGY 4 | 55 (16.8) |
| PGY 5 | 89 (27.2) |
| Research yearsc | 54 (16.5) |
| Length of maternity leave duration, wk (n = 320) | |
| 1-6 | 251 (78.4) |
| ≥7 | 69 (21.6) |
| Survey access (n = 346) | |
| Physician Moms Group | 56 (16.2) |
| Surgeon Moms Group | 96 (27.7) |
| Link emailed from program director | 79 (22.8) |
| Link emailed from other | 99 (28.6) |
| 16 (4.6) |
Abbreviation: PGY, postgraduate year.
a
Each question was answered by more than 90% of participants except where otherwise noted.
b
Women who had more than 1 child and delivered at least 1 child during clinical residency were listed under the earliest postgraduate year that they were pregnant.
c
Women were listed under research years only if they were pregnant with all their children during nonclinical time.