Table. Hospital Characteristics of Baseline Poor-Performing Hospitals vs All Other Hospitals.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | No. (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline Poor Performers in AMI (n = 422) | Other AMI Hospitals (n = 2329) | P Value | Baseline Poor Performers in HF (n = 600) | Other HF Hospitals (n = 3196) | P Value | |
| Hospital sizea | ||||||
| Small | 116 (27) | 539 (23) | .01 | 296 (49) | 1260 (39) | <.001 |
| Medium | 257 (61) | 1398 (60) | 268 (45) | 1528 (48) | ||
| Large | 49 (12) | 392 (17) | 36 (6) | 408 (13) | ||
| Profit status | ||||||
| Public | 87 (21) | 314 (13) | <.001 | 131 (22) | 636 (20) | .31 |
| Non-profit | 241 (57) | 1643 (71) | 385 (64) | 2045 (64) | ||
| For-profit | 94 (22) | 372 (16) | 84 (14) | 515 (16) | ||
| Region | ||||||
| Northeast | 50 (12) | 467 (21) | <.001 | 67 (11) | 480 (15) | .001 |
| South | 203 (48) | 879 (38) | 209 (35) | 1270 (40) | ||
| Midwest | 90 (21) | 598 (26) | 201 (34) | 921 (29) | ||
| West | 79 (19) | 385 (17) | 123 (21) | 525 (16) | ||
| Teaching | ||||||
| Yes | 99 (23) | 797 (34) | <.001 | 121 (20) | 847 (27) | .001 |
| Rural designation | ||||||
| Yes | 133 (32) | 509 (22) | <.001 | 278 (46) | 1100 (34) | <.001 |
| Member of system | ||||||
| Yes | 247 (59) | 1500 (64) | .02 | 326 (54) | 1890 (59) | .03 |
| MICU/SICU | ||||||
| Yes | 341 (94) | 1910 (95) | .67 | 435 (83) | 2262 (82) | .79 |
| Cardiac ICU | ||||||
| Yes | 163 (45) | 1028 (51) | .04 | 203 (39) | 1095 (40) | .60 |
| Cardiac catheterization laboratory | ||||||
| Yes | 234 (65) | 1398 (69) | .08 | 250 (48) | 1421 (52) | .08 |
| Prop Medicaid days, median (IQR) | 0.18 (0.13) | 0.17 (0.13) | .001 | 0.15 (0.12) | 0.16 (0.14) | .13 |
| Prop Medicare Days, median (IQR) | 0.52 (0.16) | 0.52 (0.17) | .43 | 0.54 (0.17) | 0.52 (0.19) | .001 |
| DSH quartileb | ||||||
| Quartile 1 | 47 (15) | 362 (20) | .006 | 66 (17) | 423 (20) | <.001 |
| Quartile 2 | 79 (25) | 542 (30) | 140 (37) | 549 (26) | ||
| Quartile 3 | 101 (32) | 517 (28) | 111 (29) | 587 (28) | ||
| Quartile 4 | 92 (29) | 402 (22) | 63 (17) | 515 (25) | ||
Abbreviations: AMI, acute myocardial infarction; DSH, disproportionate share hospital; HF, heart failure; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; MICU, medical intensive care unit; Prop, proportion; SICU, surgical intensive care unit.
a
Small, <100 beds; medium, 100-399 beds; large, ≥400 beds.
b
DSH indices are obtained from Impact File, which includes a smaller sample of hospitals.