Table 3.

Overview of spatiotemporal asymmetry ratio calculations

Spatial	Calculation	Study, Year
Step Length Asymmetry Ratios	$\frac{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{step}\mathit{length}}{\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{step}\mathit{length}}$	Combs-Miller, 201478 Patterson, 200859 Forrester, 201438
	$1-\frac{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{step}\mathit{length}}{\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{step}\mathit{length}}$	* Cheng, 201045 Verma, 201140
	$\left|1-\frac{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{step}\mathit{length}}{\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{step}\mathit{length}}\right|$	Chen, 201344 * Westlake, 200961
	$100\mathrm{\%}\ast \left(1-\left|1-\frac{\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{step}\mathit{length}}{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{step}\mathit{length}}\right|\right)$	* Holleran, 201441
	$100-\left|100-100\ast \left(\frac{\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{step}\mathit{length}}{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{step}\mathit{length}}\right)\right|$	Hornby, 200848
Stride Length Asymmetry Ratio	$1-\frac{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{stride}\mathit{length}}{\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{stride}\mathit{length}}$	* Kim, 201251 Verma, 201140
Paretic Step Ratio (aka Distance Phasing)	$\frac{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{step}\mathit{length}}{\mathit{stride}\mathit{length}}$	Bowden, 201380 Patterson, 200859
Temporal
Single Support Time Asymmetry Ratios	$\frac{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{single}\mathit{support}\mathit{time}}{\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{single}\mathit{support}\mathit{time}}$	* Dunsky, 200829
	$1-\frac{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{single}\mathit{support}\mathit{time}}{\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{single}\mathit{support}\mathit{time}}$	Cheng, 201045 * Kim, 201251
	$\left|1-\frac{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{single}\mathit{support}\mathit{time}}{\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{single}\mathit{support}\mathit{time}}\right|$	* Chen, 201344
	$2\ast \left[\frac{\left(\mathit{paretic}\mathit{single}\mathit{limb}\mathit{support}-\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{single}\mathit{limb}\mathit{support}\right)}{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{single}\mathit{limb}\mathit{support}+\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{single}\mathit{limb}\mathit{support}}\right]\ast 100$	* Yang, 200575
	$\frac{\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{single}\mathit{support}\mathit{time}\left(\mathrm{\%}of\mathit{gait}\mathit{cycle}\right)}{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{single}\mathit{support}\mathit{time}\left(\mathrm{\%}of\mathit{gait}\mathit{cycle}\right)}$	Yang, 200762
Stance Time Symmetry Ratio	$\frac{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{stance}\mathit{time}}{\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{stance}\mathit{time}}$	Combs-Miller, 201478 Patterson, 200859
	$\frac{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{stance}\left(\mathrm{\%}of\mathit{gait}\mathit{cycle}\right)}{\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{stance}\left(\mathrm{\%}of\mathit{gait}\mathit{cycle}\right)}$	Patterson, 200859
Swing Symmetry Ratio	$\frac{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{swing}\mathit{time}}{\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{swing}\mathit{time}}$	* Combs-Miller, 201478 Gama, 201473 Teixeira-Salmela, 200160
	$\frac{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{swing}\left(\mathrm{\%}of\mathit{gait}\mathit{cycle}\right)}{\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{swing}\left(\mathrm{\%}of\mathit{gait}\mathit{cycle}\right)}$	Patterson, 200859
Step Time Symmetry Ratio	$\frac{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{step}\mathit{time}}{\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{step}\mathit{time}}$	* Forrester, 201438
Gait Symmetry Ratio	$\frac{\left(\frac{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{swing}\mathit{time}}{\mathit{paretic}\mathit{stance}\mathit{time}}\right)}{\left(\frac{\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{swing}\mathit{time}}{\mathit{nonparetic}\mathit{stance}\mathit{time}}\right)}$	* Kim, 201566

^*denotes statistically significant change in mechanistic outcome measure

NOTE: Spatiotemporal asymmetry ratio equations not available for Chae, 2011 and Lee, 2014