Table 2.
Mean (SD) and Median [IQR] of serum biomarkers, according to the presence of hepatic steatosis on coronary CT scan 1
| Biomarker | N. | Total N=3,876 |
Non-NAFLD N=3,208 |
NAFLD N=668 |
P-value* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Median [IQR] | Mean (SD) | Median [IQR] | |||
|
| |||||||
| N = 1090 | N = 259 | ||||||
| s ICAM-1, ng/mL | 1349 | 274.8 (78.8) | 269.0 (76.6) | 265.4 [226, 307.6] | 299.2 (83.4) | 286.9 [252.7, 340] | <0.0001 |
|
| |||||||
| N = 437 | N = 96 | ||||||
| E-selectin, ng/mL | 533 | 55.1 (26.4) | 52.1 (23.0) | 48.8 [35.9, 65.1] | 68.7 (35.3) | 59.2 [46.3, 86.3] | <0.0001 |
|
| |||||||
| N = 437 | N = 96 | ||||||
| CD40 ligand, ng/mL | 533 | 4.12 (2.64) | 4.06 (2.70) | 3.43 [2.08, 5.39] | 4.38 (2.33) | 4.18 [2.38, 5.99] | 0.076 |
|
| |||||||
| N = 2428 (mass), 2489 (activity) | N = 523 (mass), 532 (activity) | ||||||
| LpPLA2 | |||||||
| • Mass, ng/mL | 2951 | 178.1 (43.2) | 177.6 (41.7) | 175.4 [150.2,201.5] | 180.4 (49.7) | 176 [150, 202] | 0.617 |
| • Activity, nmol/min/mL | 3020 | 149.2 (36.8) | 147.8 (36.8) | 145.6 [121.7, 171.1] | 155 (36.3) | 154.7 [128.5, 178.2] | <0.0001 |
|
| |||||||
| N = 1291 | N = 287 | ||||||
| IL-2, pg/mL | 1578 | 984.9 (497.7) | 982.6 (490.8) | 891 [713, 1131] | 995.3 (501.8) | 911 [719, 1182] | 0.602 |
|
| |||||||
| N = 3108 | N = 656 | ||||||
| IL-6, pg/mL | 3764 | 1.61 (1.24) | 1.56 (1.21) | 1.22 [0.78, 1.86] | 1.89 (1.32) | 1.52 [1.03, 2.37] | <0.0001 |
|
| |||||||
| N = 426 | N = 95 | ||||||
| PAI-1, ng/mL | 521 | 27.5 (28.4) | 23.8 (27.5) | 17 [8, 29] | 44.0 (26.6) | 43 [21, 59] | <0.0001 |
|
| |||||||
| N = 437 | N=96 | ||||||
| MMP-3, ng/mL | 533 | 15.3 (14.6) | 15.6 (14.6) | 11.4 [7.8, 18.5] | 14.3 (15.0) | 9.9 [7.4, 15.2] | 0.139 |
|
| |||||||
| N = 437 | N = 96 | ||||||
| MMP-9, ng/mL | 533 | 248.1 (145.9) | 251.7 (148.6) | 207.2 [151.4, 317.9] | 231.9 (132.1) | 196.8 [147.8, 265.9] | 0.381 |
|
| |||||||
| N = 3186 | N = 663 | ||||||
| hsCRP, mg/L | 3849 | 3.96 (6.2) | 3.72 (6.14) | 1.81 [0.83, 4.1] | 5.13 (6.2) | 2.96 [1.35, 6.48] | <0.0001 |
|
| |||||||
| N = 3176 | N = 662 | ||||||
| GGT, U/L | 3838 | 12.3 (15.4) | 11.3 (14.6) | 7.50 [4.66, 12.3] | 16.8 (17.9) | 11.5 [7.74, 19.4] | <0.0001 |
P-value obtained from the Mann-Whitney test for the difference between median levels of each candidate biomarker among MESA participants with and without NAFLD
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; N., number; sICAM, soluble intracellular adhesion molecule; LpPLA2, lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2; hsCRP; high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; GGT, gamma glutamyltransferase; IL-6, interleukin-6; IL-2, interleukin-2; PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; MMP-3, matrix metalloproteinase 3; MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinase-9
Hepatic steatosis defined by the liver:spleen ratio (L:S < 1.0) on non-contrast coronary computed tomography (CT) scans