Table 1.
Study characteristics by general racial/ethnic categories, racial/ethnic subgroups, and nativity, New York City, New York City, 2010–2014
| General racial/ethnic categories | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Hispanic Black | All Hispanic | All Asian | Non-Hispanic White | |||||
|
| ||||||||
| US-born | Foreign-born | US-born | Foreign-born | US-born | Foreign-born | US-born | Foreign-born | |
|
|
||||||||
| Total | n=67,215 | n=49,321 n=78,170 | n=93,194 | n=22,490 | n=72,461 | n=129,279 | n=49,072 | |
| Mother’s age | ||||||||
| mean (std) | 27.1 (6.3) | 30.8 (6.0) | 26.6 (6.3) | 28.6 (6.0) | 31.9 (4.9) |
30.2 (5.2) |
31.3 (5.7) | 31.1 (5.5) |
| Mother’s education (%) | ||||||||
| Less than high school | 23.3 | 16 | 27.1 | 44.7 | 4.8 | 28.0 | 7.4 | 9.3 |
| High school | 25.3 | 29.2 | 22.8 | 25.2 | 7.6 | 22.0 | 20.5 | 15.3 |
| Greater than high school | 51.4 | 54.8 | 50.1 | 30.1 | 87.6 | 50.0 | 72.1 | 75.3 |
| Mother’s insurance (%) | ||||||||
| Medicaid | 70.4 | 69.7 | 69.5 | 86.0 | 30.0 | 70.2 | 30.3 | 46.4 |
| Private | 26.2 | 24.1 | 28.2 | 11.6 | 68.8 | 28.3 | 68.8 | 51.3 |
| Uninsured | 1.9 | 3.9 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 1.4 |
| Other | 1.5 | 2.3 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.9 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI (%) | ||||||||
| Underweight (<18.5) | 3.8 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 2.8 | 8.4 | 13.0 | 5.5 | 7.2 |
| Normal weight (18.5 – 24.9) | 37.5 | 39.7 | 42.7 | 48.0 | 68.9 | 67.1 | 66.7 | 65.3 |
| Overweight (25.0 – 29.9) | 27.6 | 32.2 | 28.1 | 31.6 | 16.9 | 15.3 | 18 | 19.5 |
| Obese Class I (30.0–34.9) | 16.8 | 16.4 | 15.2 | 12.5 | 4.5 | 3.8 | 6.3 | 5.9 |
| Obese Class II (35.0 – 39.9) | 8.3 | 5.8 | 6.6 | 3.6 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 1.6 |
| Obese Class III (≥40) | 6.1 | 2.5 | 3.9 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1.2 | 0.5 |
| Height | ||||||||
| mean (std) | 64.7 (2.9) | 64.8 (2.8) | 63.5 (2.8) | 62.2 (3.1) | 63.5 (2.4) |
62.9 (2.3) |
64.5 (2.7) | 64.8 (2.8) |
| Parity (%) | ||||||||
| Nulliparous | 47.9 | 39.8 | 49.4 | 50.6 | 60.1 | 47.9 | 47.4 | 47.1 |
| Multiparous | 52.1 | 60.2 | 50.6 | 64.9 | 39.9 | 52.1 | 52.6 | 52.9 |
| Racial/ethnic Subgroups | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mexican | Indian | Chinese | ||||
|
| ||||||
| US-born | Foreign-born | US-born | Foreign-born | US-born | Foreign-born | |
|
|
||||||
| Total | n=5283 | n=28,863 | n=9892 | n=17,766 | n=4212 | n=40,817 |
| Mother’s age | ||||||
| mean (std) | 23.3 (6.1) | 28.3 (5.8) | 30.7 (4.8) |
29.3 (5.3) | 32.6 (4.7) |
30.1 (5.0) |
| Mother’s education (%) | ||||||
| Less than high school | 41.1 | 64.2 | 7.6 | 23.5 | 1.9 | 34.6 |
| High school | 22.2 | 26.9 | 9.3 | 28.0 | 4.1 | 22.3 |
| Greater than high school | 36.7 | 8.9 | 83.0 | 48.5 | 94 | 43.2 |
| Mother’s insurance (%) | ||||||
| Medicaid | 78.8 | 94.5 | 35.2 | 76.7 | 15.1 | 74.3 |
| Private | 18.9 | 3.7 | 63.5 | 20.9 | 84.4 | 24.8 |
| Uninsured | 1 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 1.6 | 0.1 | 0.7 |
| Other | 1.3 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.2 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI (%) | ||||||
| Underweight (<18.5) | 4 | 2.3 | 7.6 | 6.2 | 7.4 | 17.2 |
| Normal weight (18.5–24.9) | 47 | 43.9 | 62.9 | 54.1 | 74.6 | 73.7 |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 27.8 | 34.5 | 22.0 | 28.6 | 13.9 | 7.9 |
| Obese Class I (30.0–34.9) | 13.7 | 14.1 | 6.0 | 8.8 | 3.0 | 1.0 |
| Obese Class II (35.0–39.9) | 5 | 3.9 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 0.7 | 0.2 |
| Obese Class III (≥40) | 2.4 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.0 |
| Height | ||||||
| mean (std) | 62.4 (2.6) | 60.8 (3.0) | 63.4 (2.3) |
62.6 (2.5) | 63.6 (2.3) |
63.1 (2.1) |
| Parity (%) | ||||||
| Nulliparous | 58.7 | 26.1 | 57.1 | 40.2 | 63.3 | 50.1 |
| Multiparous | 41.3 | 73.9 | 42.9 | 59.8 | 36.7 | 49.9 |