Fig 2. Phylogenetic trees of the concatenations of the 11 Woese proteins and the 6 AU-relevant Woese proteins, without bacteria.

(a) Maximum-likelihood tree of the concatenated 11 Woese proteins with the Asgard sequences (LG+R7). No satisfactory convergence could be obtained in Bayesian inference with the CAT-GTR model at the time of this submission. (b) Phylogenetic tree of the concatenated 6 AU-relevant Woese proteins with the Asgard sequences. ML (LG+F+R8) and Bayesian inference (CAT-GTR model; maxdiff = 0.09) trees were identical, and supports from both were reported on the topology (nonparametric bootstrap, out of 100, in black, and posterior probabilities in red, respectively). All other combinations of chains (4 independent chains)—despite moderate convergences (maxdiff between 0.01 and 0.03)—yielded the same global topology, with the Asgards grouped with Euryarchaeota. For both trees, the scale bar represents the average number of substitutions per site.