Table 1. Characteristics of HIV-infected patients attending the UAB 1917 HIV Clinic in 2013 included in the analyses of hypertension prevalence.
| Characteristic | Overall population | African-American | White | p-valuec |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) or median (IQR)b | n (%)a or median (IQR)b | n (%)a or median (IQR)b | ||
| (N = 1664) | (n = 894) | (n = 770) | ||
| Age, years | 46.6 (10.9)d | 45.1 (11.4)d | 48.4 (10.0)d | <0.001 |
| Age, categorical, years | <0.001 | |||
| <40 | 426 (25.6) | 289 (32.3) | 137 (17.8) | |
| 40–59 | 1065 (64.0) | 517 (57.8) | 548 (71.2) | |
| ≥60 | 173 (10.4) | 88 (9.9) | 85 (11.0) | |
| Sex | <0.001 | |||
| Female | 380 (22.8) | 288 (32.2) | 92 (12.0) | |
| Male | 1284 (77.2) | 606 (67.8) | 678 (88.0) | |
| HIV transmission risk factor | <0.001 | |||
| Heterosexual | 584 (35.8) | 442 (50.7) | 142 (18.6) | |
| MSM | 905 (55.4) | 378 (43.4) | 527 (69.2) | |
| IVDU | 144 (8.8) | 51 (5.9) | 93 (12.2) | |
| Insurance status | <0.001 | |||
| Private | 649 (39.0) | 306 (34.2) | 343 (44.6) | |
| Public | 541 (32.5) | 302 (33.8) | 239 (31.0) | |
| None | 474 (28.5) | 286 (32.0) | 188 (24.4) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | <0.001 | |||
| Normal/Underweight (<25) | 655 (39.4) | 302 (33.8) | 353 (45.8) | |
| Overweight (25–29.9) | 546 (32.8) | 281 (31.4) | 265 (34.4) | |
| Obese (≥30) | 463 (27.8) | 311 (34.8) | 152 (19.8) | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 0.40 | |||
| No | 1484 (89.8) | 792 (89.2) | 692 (90.5) | |
| Yes | 169 (10.2) | 96 (10.8) | 73 (9.5) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.31 | |||
| No | 1512 (90.9) | 806 (90.2) | 706 (91.7) | |
| Yes | 152 (9.1) | 88 (9.8) | 64 (8.3) | |
| History of CVD | ) | 0.008 | ||
| No | 1542 (92.7) | 843 (94.3) | 699 (90.8) | |
| Yes | 122 (7.3) | 51 (5.7) | 71 (9.2) | |
| On ART | 0.12 | |||
| No | 51 (3.1) | 33 (3.7 | 18 (2.3) | |
| Yes | 1613 (96.9) | 861 (96.3) | 752 (97.7) | |
| Duration of ART, years | 6.3 (3.2–11.4) | 5.4 (2.9–9.9) | 7.5 (3.7–13.0) | <0.001 |
| CD4 count, cells/μL | 0.004 | |||
| ≥200 | 1530 (92.3) | 807 (90.6) | 723 (94.4) | |
| <200 | 127 (7.8) | 84 (9.4) | 43 (5.6) | |
| VL, copies/mL for all patients | <0.001 | |||
| ≥200 | 196 (11.8) | 139 (15.6) | 57 (7.4) | |
| <200 | 1458 (88.2) | 750 (84.4) | 708 (92.6) | |
| VL, copies/mL for patients on ART | <0.001 | |||
| ≥200 | 171 (10.7) | 123 (14.4) | 48 (6.4) | |
| <200 | 1433 (89.3) | 733 (85.6) | 700 (93.6) | |
| Time in care at HIV clinic, years | 6.6 (3.5–12.3) | 5.7 (3.0–10.9) | 8.0 (4.1–13.4) | <0.001 |
| Cumulative visits in last 12 months | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–3) | <0.001 |
| Adherent to ART | <0.001 | |||
| No | 267 (16.1) | 161 (18.0) | 106 (13.8) | |
| Yes | 909 (54.6) | 443 (49.6) | 466 (60.5) | |
| Missing | 488 (29.3) | 290 (32.4) | 198 (25.7) | |
| Smoking | <0.001 | |||
| Never | 538 (32.3) | 342 (38.3) | 196 (25.5) | |
| Prior | 298 (17.9) | 117 (13.1) | 181 (23.5) | |
| Current | 407 (24.5) | 193 (21.5) | 214 (27.8) | |
| Missing | 421 (25.3) | 242 (27.1) | 179 (23.2) | |
| At risk alcohol use | <0.001 | |||
| No | 983 (59.1) | 532 (59.5) | 451 (58.6) | |
| Yes | 248 (14.9) | 107 (12.0) | 141 (18.3) | |
| Missing | 433 (26.0) | 255 (28.5) | 178 (23.1) | |
| Current substance abuse | 0.05 | |||
| No | 1125 (67.6) | 582 (65.1) | 543 (70.5) | |
| Yes | 88 (5.3) | 54 (6.0) | 34 (4.4) | |
| Missing | 451 (27.1) | 258 (28.9) | 193 (25.1) | |
| Current depression | 0.08 | |||
| No | 1075 (64.6) | 559 (62.5) | 516 (67.0) | |
| Yes | 211 (12.7) | 113 (12.7) | 98 (12.7) | |
| Missing | 378 (22.7) | 222 (24.8) | 156 (20.3) |
aColumn percents.
bMedian with first and third quartiles
c p-values calculated using Pearson chi-square test (proportions), t-test (means), and Wilcoxon rank-sum test (medians)
dMean with standard deviation.
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IQR, interquartile range; IVDU, intravenous drug use; MSM, men who have sex with men; UAB, University of Alabama at Birmingham; VL, HIV viral load.
Missing data: HIV transmission risk factor, 30 (plus 1 patient excluded for risk factor of hemophilia/blood transfusion); chronic kidney disease, 11; CD4 cell count, 7; VL, 10.