Table 2. Prevalence (%) with 95% confidential intervals of hearing loss in adults aged 25–59 years: Ear and Hearing Disorder Survey in four provinces of China, 2014–2015.

	Urban	Rural
Independent variables
Occupation
White collar	7.7(5.9,9.9)	9.1(8.3,10.0)
Farming	11.8(11.2,12.5)	15.7(12.9,19.1)
Blue collar	11.8(10.2,13.6)	14.1(13.1,15.1)
Other	12.6(8.5,18.3)	12.9(10.5,15.7)
Unemployed	20.1(16.4,24.5)	14.7(13.5,16.0)
Education
Senior high school or above	7.4(6.2,8.7)	9.6(9,10.2)
Junior high school	9.6(8.9,10.4)	16.7(15.5,17.9)
Primary school	16.3(15.1,17.6)	22.3(19.5,25.3)
Illiteracy	22.7(19.7,26.1)	26.5(21.2,32.6)
Income
Quintile 1 (highest)	13.4(11.2,15.9)	10.7(9.9,11.6)
Quintile 2	13.3(11.6,15.3)	12.8(11.6,14.1)
Quintile 3	10.4(9.3,11.6)	13.6(12.3,15)
Quintile 4	11.5(10.5,12.7)	13.7(12.2,15.3)
Quintile 5 (lowest)	12.3(11.3,13.4)	15.4(13.5,17.6)
Covariates
Age group, years
25–29	2.0(1.5,2.7)	2.3(1.6,3.2)
30–39	4.2(3.6,5)	4.7(4.1,5.4)
40–49	12.1(11.1,13.1)	12.3(11.4,13.2)
50–59	26.1(24.5,27.7)	26.9(25.4,28.4)
Gender
Female	10.8(10.1,11.6)	10.5(9.8,11.3)
Male	12.9(12,13.7)	14.5(13.7,15.4)
Having spouse
No	10.5(8.7,12.6)	10.6(9.2,12.2)
Yes	12.0(11.4,12.6)	12.7(12.1,13.3)