Table 2.
Values of equivalent diameter (µm) and circularity of starch granules from two botanical sources
| Equivalent diameter | Circularity | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time | Time | ||||||||
| 7 | 13 | 19 | 25 | 7 | 13 | 19 | 25 | ||
| Wheat | |||||||||
| Dietary fiber | 0 | 8 ± 5Aa | 7 ± 4Aa | 9 ± 5Aa | 8 ± 3Aa | 0.57 ± 0.31Aab | 0.47 ± 0.27Aa | 0.56 ± 0.18Aab | 0.63 ± 0.09Ab |
| 1 | 10 ± 2ABa | 10 ± 4ABa | 11 ± 1ABa | 10 ± 3ABa | 0.60 ± 0.07ABab | 0.59 ± 0.09ABa | 0.60 ± 0.12ABab | 0.72 ± 0.05ABb | |
| 2 | 9 ± 4Ba | 11 ± 4Ba | 11 ± 3Ba | 11 ± 3Ba | 0.58 ± 0.10Bab | 0.64 ± 0.14Ba | 0.66 ± 0.06Bab | 0.82 ± 0.05Bb | |
| Fat | 0 | 13 ± 1Ba | 11 ± 1Ba | 9 ± 3Ba | 13 ± 2Ba | 0.56 ± 0.09Ba | 0.60 ± 0.12Ba | 0.75 ± 0.04Ba | 0.68 ± 0.12Ba |
| 1 | 8 ± 3Aa | 10 ± 3Aa | 6 ± 4Aa | 5 ± 4Aa | 0.40 ± 0.13Aa | 0.72 ± 0.09Aa | 0.41 ± 0.13Aa | 0.36 ± 0.10Aa | |
| 2 | 14 ± 0Ba | 11 ± 4Ba | 7 ± 3Ba | 10 ± 3Ba | 0.59 ± 0.11Aa | 0.34 ± 0.14Aa | 0.29 ± 0.20Aa | 0.65 ± 0.10Aa | |
| Gluten | 0 | 11 ± 2Aa | 13 ± 0Aa | 8 ± 4Aa | 10 ± 3Aa | 0.51 ± 0.09Aa | 0.53 ± 0.07Aa | 0.53 ± 0.23Aa | 0.70 ± 0.07Aa |
| 1 | 11 ± 5Aa | 11 ± 3Aa | 11 ± 3Aa | 11 ± 2Aa | 0.64 ± 0.10ABa | 0.66 ± 0.10ABa | 0.55 ± 0.12ABa | 0.65 ± 0.11ABa | |
| 2 | 10 ± 4Aa | 12 ± 4Aa | 10 ± 7Aa | 9 ± 4Aa | 0.79 ± 0.07Ba | 0.68 ± 0.13Ba | 0.74 ± 0.09Ba | 0.57 ± 0.22Ba | |
| Potato | |||||||||
| Dietary fiber | 0 | 43 ± 14Aa | 35 ± 7Aa | 45 ± 9Aa | 22 ± 9Aa | 0.63 ± 0.09Aab | 0.52 ± 0.16Aab | 0.65 ± 0.11Aa | 0.64 ± 0.17Ab |
| 1 | 26 ± 16Aa | 25 ± 13Aa | 29 ± 14Aa | 28 ± 11Aa | 0.65 ± 0.17Bab | 0.71 ± 0.11Bab | 0.65 ± 0.18Ba | 0.78 ± 0.06Bb | |
| 2 | 27 ± 8Aa | 28 ± 10Aa | 23 ± 10Aa | 20 ± 8Aa | 0.84 ± 0.04Cab | 0.82 ± 0.05Cab | 0.71 ± 0.14Ca | 0.83 ± 0.01Cb | |
| Fat | 0 | 26 ± 12Aa | 27 ± 12A | 26 ± 16Aa | 26 ± 11Aa | 0.73 ± 0.11Aa | 0.75 ± 0.07Aa | 0.78 ± 0.07Aa | 0.76 ± 0.13Aa |
| 1 | 28 ± 14ABa | 27 ± 8ABa | 30 ± 18ABa | 22 ± 14ABa | 0.79 ± 0.09Aa | 0.71 ± 0.12Aa | 0.77 ± 0.07Aa | 0.81 ± 0.04Aa | |
| 2 | 26 ± 16Ba | 27 ± 3Ba | 40 ± 15Ba | 44 ± 8Ba | 0.83 ± 0.04Ba | 0.88 ± 0.02Ba | 0.86 ± 0.03Ba | 0.80 ± 0.08Ba | |
| Gluten | 0 | 25 ± 12Aa | 22 ± 13Aa | 27 ± 15Aa | 31 ± 14Aa | 0.71 ± 0.11Aa | 0.53 ± 0.20Aa | 0.73 ± 0.13Ab | 0.83 ± 0.06Ab |
| 1 | 26 ± 12Aa | 27 ± 7Aa | 26 ± 11Aa | 26 ± 11Aa | 0.64 ± 0.20Ba | 0.87 ± 0.03Ba | 0.80 ± 0.18Bb | 0.85 ± 0.03Bb | |
| 2 | 23 ± 11Aa | 28 ± 14Aa | 28 ± 12Aa | 29 ± 9Aa | 0.65 ± 0.19Ba | 0.82 ± 0.09Ba | 0.82 ± 0.09Bb | 0.81 ± 0.06Bb | |
Means with different superscript letters in columns of each ingredient are significantly different (P < 0.05) for two-way ANOVA and Tuckey test with bake time (small letters) and level of ingredient (capital letters), for each formulation