Table 1.

Sample code and compare means of interaction of temperature, time and starch type on size, zeta potential, PDI, EE and LE of nanoparticles

Starch	Temp (°C)	Time (min)	Sample code	Size	Zeta potential	PDI	LE (%)	EE (%)
Corn	0	5	CSN-0-5	38.3 ± 0.66b	− 19.6 ± 0.4d	0.33 ± 0.25d	22.34 ± 1.2g	1.09 ± 2.3e
		10	CSN-0-10	32.04 ± 0.45a	− 17.59 ± 0.46e	0.343 ± 0.37d	61.07 ± 1.4d	2.98 ± 1.8c
	15	5	CSN-15-5	60.18 ± 1.2f	− 8.49 ± 0.73h	0.299 ± 0.35c	28.44 ± 0.98f	2.04 ± 1.9d
		10	CSN-15-10	40.33 ± 1.4c	− 13.58 ± 0.83f	0.382 ± 0.67e	46.7 ± e 0.76	2.22 ± 2.5d
Potato	0	5	PSN-0-5	66.1 ± 0.87 g	− 33.39 ± 1.3a	0.214 ± 1.8b	87 ± 1.7b	3.67 ± 1.7c
		10	PSN-0-10	54.9 ± 0.56d	− 31.83 ± 1.5b	0.173 ± 0.29a	94.71 ± 2.1a	5.07 ± 0.18a
	15	5	PSN-15-5	99.2 ± 0.91h	− 22.96 ± 1.7c	0.208 ± 0.9b	94.8 ± 1.4a	5.8 ± 2.1a
		10	PSN-15-10	57.1 ± 1.1e	− 10.98 ± 0.88g	0.164 ± 0.8a	85.9 ± 1.6c	4.37 ± 2.1b

Different letters show significant differences in 95% confidence

Sample code is illustrated as x–y–z in which x, y and z mean starch sources, temperature (°C) and time (min), respectively