Table 1.

Summary of phylogenetic-controlled models to test for differences in spore traits across trophic status.

	Estimate	s.e.	95% CI	t or z	p
Log 10 Spore volume
λ	0.68		0.53, 0.83
Intercept	1.68	0.27	1.15, 2.22	6.16	<0.0001
Trophic status	0.40	0.10	0.21, 0.59	4.09	<0.0001
Ornamentation
α	0.28		0.06, 0.51
Intercept	−1.68	0.51	−2.30, −0.75	−3.27	0.0011
Trophic status	1.77	0.46	1.14, 2.45	3.86	0.0001
Allantoid shape
α	0.63		0.24, 0.74
Intercept	−1.38	0.22	−0.18, −0.81	−6.16	<0.0001
Trophic status	−1.99	0.77	−3.51, −0.83	−2.58	0.0099
Globose shape
α	0.70a		0.29, 0.61
Intercept	−1.05	0.19	−1.47, −0.59	−5.64	<0.0001
Trophic status	0.89	0.31	0.32, 1.50	2.83	0.0046
Cylindrical shape
α	0.75b		0.30, 0.60
Intercept	−0.77	0.17	−1.10, −0.33	−4.63	<0.0001
Trophic status	−0.57	0.37	−130, −0.03	−1.55	0.1220
Elongated shape
α	0.28		0.13, 0.41
Intercept	−1.54	0.49	−1.60, −0.83	−3.12	0.0018
Trophic status	−2.51	1.05	−3.14, −1.97	−2.39	0.0167

^aBootstrap mean α = 0.41; ^bbootstrap mean α = 0.41; Note that the coefficients and Wald-type p-values are conditioned on the non-bootstrapped mean estimate for α.