Table 3.
Antibiogram results of ESBL-E from livestock production farms of Reunion, Mayotte and Madagascar, 2016–2017.
| ETP | NA | OFL | GEN | AMK | SXT | TCN | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S | I | R | S | I | R | S | I | R | S | I | R | S | I | R | S | I | R | S | I | R | ND | |
| Reunion | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Broiler | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| E. coli (N = 136) | 136 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 102 (75.0%) | 5 (03.7%) | 29 (21.3%) | 131 (96.3%) | 2 (01.5%) | 3 (02.2%) | 128 (94.1%) | 0 (00.0%) | 8 (05.9%) | 134 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 34 (25.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 102 75.0%) | 33 (24.3%) | 0 (00.0%) | 65 (47.8%) | 38 (27.9%) |
| E. cloacae (N = 1) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | |
| Pig | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| E. coli (N = 40) | 39 (97.5%) | 1 (02.5%) | 0 (00.0%) | 29 (72.5%) | 1 (02.5%) | 10 (25.0%) | 30 (75.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 10 (25.0%) | 35 (87.5%) | 0 (00.0%) | 5 (12.5%) | 40 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 5 (12.5%) | 0 (00.0%) | 35 (87.5%) | 5 (12.5%) | 1 (02.5%) | 23 (57.5%) | 11 (27.5%) |
| C. freundii (N = 2) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | |
| K. pneumoniae (N = 2) | 1 (50.0%) | 1 (50.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (50.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (50.0%) | 1 (50.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (50.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (50.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 1 (50.0%) | 1 (50.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (50.0%) | |
| Beef cattle | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| E. coli (N = 2) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (50.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (50.0%) | 1 (50.0%) | 1 (50.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | |
| Mayotte | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Broiler | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| E. coli (N = 19) | 19 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 14 (73.7%) | 4 (21.1%) | 1 (05.3%) | 19 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 18 (94.7%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (05.3%) | 19 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 14 (73.7%) | 0 (00.0%) | 5 (26.3%) | 3 (15.8%) | 0 (00.0%) | 16 (84.2%) | |
| E. cloacae (N = 1) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | |
| Beef cattle | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| E. coli (N = 16) * | 16 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 7 (43.8%) | 5 (31.3%) | 4 (25.0%) | 14 (87.5%) | 2 (12.5%) | 0 (00.0%) | 12 (75.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 4 (25.0%) | 16 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 15 (93.8%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (06.3%) | 12 (75.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 4 (25.0%) | |
| E. cloacae (N = 1) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | |
| Madagascar | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Broiler | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| E. coli (N = 28) | 28 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 13 (46.4%) | 7 (25.0%) | 8 (28.6%) | 22 (78.6%) | 3 (10.7%) | 3 (10.7%) | 27 (96.4%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (03.6%) | 28 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 27 (96.4%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (03.6%) | 1 (03.6%) | 1 (03.6%) | 26 (92.9%) | |
| E. cloacae (N = 1) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | |
| K. pneumoniae (N = 2) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (100.0%) | |
| Pig | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| E. coli (N = 28) | 28 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 13 (46.4%) | 8 (28.6%) | 7 (25.0%) | 20 (71.4%) | 2 (07.1%) | 6 (21.4%) | 28 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 28 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 28 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 7 (25.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 21 (75.0%) | |
| E. cloacae (N = 6) | 6 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (33.3%) | 2 (33.3%) | 2 (33.3%) | 6 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 4 (66.7%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (33.3%) | 6 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 4 (66.7%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (33.3%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 6 (100.0%) | |
| C. freundii (N = 4) | 4 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 4 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 4 (100.0%) | 1 (25.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 3 (75.0%) | 4 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (25.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 3 (75.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 4 (100.0%) | |
| M. morganii (N = 6) | 6 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 6 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 6 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 6 (100.0%) | 6 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 6 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 6 (100.0%) | |
| K. pneumoniae (N = 7) | 7 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 3 (42.9%) | 4 (57.1%) | 5 (71.4%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (28.6%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 7 (100.0%) | 7 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 7 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 7 (100.0%) | |
| Beef cattle | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| E. coli (N = 22) | 22 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 15 (68.2%) | 3 (13.6%) | 4 (18.2%) | 18 (81.8%) | 3 (13.6%) | 1 (04.5%) | 21 (95.5%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (04.5%) | 22 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 21 (95.5%) | 0 (00.0%) | 1 (04.5%) | 11 (50.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 11 (50.0%) | |
| E. cloacae (N = 2) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | |
| E. hermannii (N = 2) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 0 (00.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | |
ETP: ertapenem; NA: nalidixic acid; OFL: Ofloxacin; GEN: gentamicin; AMK: amikacin; SXT: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole; TCN: tetracyclin * One ESBL producing E. coli was lost at the laboratory. Antibiograms was performed on 16 of the 17 ESBL-E.