Table 1.

Summary of the extracted fixed effects models as generally valid equations for cell density prediction (valid below 30 × 10⁶ cells/mL): cell concentration [10⁶ cells/mL], OD₈₈₀ [AU], ε [pF/cm].

Prediction Based on Optical Density OD880
Inverse calibration	$cell con{c}_{predicted,inv}=0.365+ 18.457\times O{D}_{880}+ 42.404\times O{D}_{880}{}^2$
Classical calibration	$cell con{c}_{predicted,cl}=\frac{-0.0368+\sqrt{{0.0368}^2-\left(-4\times 0.000578\times \left(0.00319-O{D}_{880}\right)\right)}}{-2\times 0.000578}$
Prediction Based on Permittivity ε
Inverse calibration	$cell con{c}_{predicted,inv}=-0.0755+ 4.660\times \epsilon$
Classical calibration	$cell con{c}_{predicted,cl}= \frac{\epsilon -0.0397}{0.214 }$