Table 4.
Relative risk ratios (RRR) estimated by multinomial regression models on associations between five food preferences and psychological well-being measures adjusted with all covariates. Data: China Health and Nutrition Survey, 2011.
| Multinomial Logistic Regression | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| RRR | RRR | RRR | |
| “I Had as Much as Pep as I Had in 2010” | “I Am as Happy Now as When I Was Younger” | “As I Get Older, Things Are Better Than I Thought They Would Be” | |
| Fast food | |||
| Agree, Disagree | Agree, Disagree | Agree, Disagree | |
| Neutral | - | - | - |
| Dislike | 1.25, 1.41 * | 1.43 **, 1.29 | 1.36 *, 1.10 |
| Like | 2.11 **, 2.00 * | 1.57, 1.71 * | 1.91 **, 1.56 |
| Do not eat | 1.28, 1.94 ** | 1.16, 1.87 ** | 1.55 *, 1.10 |
| Salty snacks | |||
| Agree, Disagree | Agree, Disagree | Agree, Disagree | |
| Neutral | - | - | - |
| Dislike | 1.09, 1.10 | 1.00, 1.14 | 1.07, 1.20 |
| Like | 1.65 *, 1.45 | 1.55 *, 1.56 * | 1.41, 1.25 |
| Do not eat | 1.15, 1.19 | 1.31, 0.98 | 1.18, 1.39 |
| Fruits | |||
| Agree, Disagree | Agree, Disagree | Agree, Disagree | |
| Neutral | - | - | - |
| Dislike | 1.36, 1.87 * | 1.85 **, 1.91 ** | 1.55 **, 1.53 * |
| Like | 1.47 **, 1.27 | 1.57 **, 1.24 * | 1.44 **, 1.05 |
| Do not eat | 7.32, 8.72 | 5.12, 1.47 | 1.15, 2.40 |
| Vegetables | |||
| Agree, Disagree | Agree, Disagree | Agree, Disagree | |
| Neutral | - | - | - |
| Dislike | 1.65, 0.90 | 1.40, 0.79 | 1.48, 0.79 |
| Like | 1.70 **, 1.09 | 1.70 **, 1.10 | 1.81 **, 1.16 |
| Do not eat | 0.20, 0.13 | 0.59, 1.09 | 1.21, 0.63 |
| Sweetened beverages/Soft drinks | |||
| Agree, Disagree | Agree, Disagree | Agree, Disagree | |
| Neutral | - | - | - |
| Dislike | 1.49 **, 1.43 ** | 1.56 **, 1.27 ** | 1.33 **, 1.16 |
| Like | 1.70 **, 2.01 ** | 1.72 **, 1.46 ** | 1.38 **, 1.36 * |
| Do not eat | 1.20, 0.78 | 0.93, 0.66 | 1.11, 0.88 |
* p-value < 0.05; ** p-value < 0.01 (adjusted after Benjamini-Hochberg’s false detection rate); Reference level (Ref.) = 1.00; Model 1: “I had as much pep as I had in 2010” = Age + Gender + Disease status + Employment status + Marital status + Educational attainment + Gross household income quintiles + Community + Province + Fast food + Salty snacks + Fruits + Vegetables + Sweetened beverages/Soft drinks; Model 2: “I am as happy now as I was younger” = Age + Gender + Disease status + Employment status + Marital status + Educational attainment + Gross household income quintiles + Community + Province + Fast food + Salty snacks + Fruits + Vegetables + Sweetened beverages/Soft drinks; Model 3: “As I get older, things are better than I thought they would be” = Age + Gender + Disease status + Employment status + Marital status + Educational attainment + Gross household income quintiles + Community + Province + Fast food + Salty snacks + Fruits + Vegetables + Sweetened beverages/Soft drinks.